<p>The Foster Building, originally the Hotel Foster, is located on State Street  in Schenectady, New York, United States. It is a commercial building in the Beaux-Arts architectural style.</p><br>
<p>When built in 1907, it was the first building in the city to use terra cotta as its primary siding on the front facade, and the first built under the precepts of the City Beautiful movement. In 1991 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It has since been remodeled into apartments, but has been vacant for a while and is suffering from the neglect. Past water damage will require that the lavishly appointed interior be completely gutted. The regional redevelopment agency is considering acquiring the building through eminent domain in order to ensure its restoration.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The Foster Building is one of a row of commercial buildings in the densely developed blocks of State Street, a short distance from Proctor&#39;s Theatre. It is a six-story steel frame building, higher than most of its neighbors, faced in white glazed terra cotta. A small tree surrounded by an island of shrubbery is located on the sidewalk in front.</p><br>
<h3>Exterior</h3><br>
<p>The terra cotta in the northern (front) facade is highly decorated. On the first two stories the storefront is framed with acanthus leaves and garlands with mock keystones and rectangular blocks. The windows are brass-framed glass with the two-story storefront as a whole framed in marble.</p><br>
<p>Above the storefronts, the upper facade in three bays is articulated by three-story high engaged pilasters with highly enriched Corinthian capitals. Fluted Ionic half-columns divide the window bays. All four support pedimented Roman arches. Oversized brackets support the metal cornice.</p><br>
<p>Decorative panels are placed between all three upper stories. In the divided central bays of the panels below the fifth story is the modeled and cast inscription "FOSTER BVILDING".</p><br>
<p>The other facades are faced in exposed yellow brick. Most of the windows have their original shutters. The flat roof is surfaced in asphalt. It has a brick parapet with metal coping; the chimney has stone copings.</p><br>
<h3>Interior</h3><br>
<p>The first floor has steel columns and a metal ceiling 14 ft high. The entrance to the upper floors is tiled mosaic with the letters "FB" and a geometric border. At the entryway, black and white marble wainscoting is on the plaster walls, which rise to a coffered ceiling. The staircase itself has marble facing, with pink marble wainscoting on the sides. All these details are original.</p><br>
<p>At the second floor landing, a wooden doorway with semi-elliptical arched transom leads to the floor itself. It is finished in classically inspired carved trim, embossed wood wainscoting and pressed glass dividers. An oak staircase lit by a brass-framed skylight provides access to the upper floors, many of which have been converted to apartment space by combining several former hotel rooms. The sixth floor, originally used as storage space and staff quarters, has been similarly transformed. Original finishes here include plaster walls, wooden flooring, wide moldings with corner blocks and transom lights on the paneled doors.</p><br>
<h2>Aesthetics</h2><br>
<p>The Foster Buildings height is unusual for Schenectadys downtown. Its terra cotta facade is unique in the city. Most of Schenectady&#39;s commercial buildings date to the mid- or late 19th century and are faced in brick, rarely more than three stories tall.</p><br>
<p>Throughout most of the 19th century, architectural terracotta had been confined to decorative touches like windowsills and lintels. The Great Chicago Fire of 1871 stirred some interest by demonstrating that terracotta facing was fireproof. In the 1890s it started to be used as a siding since it was cheaper than stone and had far more decorative possibilities. The Foster Building&#39;s level of detail is exceptional. Elsewhere in the Capital District, only the McCarthy Building in downtown Troy shows the same craftmanship in terra cotta.</p><br>
<p>Its use was promoted by the Beaux-Arts movement in architecture, which made generous use of classically inspired ornamentation. The style and material came together in the City Beautiful movement in urban design. An outgrowth of the Columbian Exposition of 1893, which had first popularized the Beaux-Arts and Classical Revival architectural styles, City Beautiful advocated cities with decorated buildings in white or bright colors, in imitation of Ancient Rome. They expected this would encourage residents to behave in an orderly and decorous manner worthy of the surroundings. Their influence was felt most in centers of newly created industrial wealth like Schenectady, although the Foster Building was the only one built in the city according to City Beautiful principles.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>As Schenectady grew rapidly following General Electric&#39;s decision to locate its research laboratory in the city, where it already had a substantial presence, living space was at a premium. Local entrepreneur Charles Brown, who had built the Edison Hotel in 1900, saw it reach capacity quickly. He hired architect Penn Varney of Lynn, Massachusetts, to design another hotel in 1907. A local contractor, Hanrahan Brothers, built it that same year for $50,000 ($ in contemporary dollars).</p><br>
<p>The hotel remained in the Brown family through 1963. It continued to be used for both commercial and residential purposes afterwards, with a music store a longtime street-level tenant through the mid-1970s.</p><br>
<p>Later occupants were not as successful in either endeavor, and the building became vacant. A 1990s owner left the heat turned off one winter, resulting in a burst pipe that caused severe damage to the structure, estimated to cost $4–5 million to repair. The SMDA plans to redevelop the Foster and three neighboring buildings, also vacant, into a 47,000 ft&sup2; luxury hotel.</p><br>
<p>The Weizer Building was a historic commercial building in the Buckeye-Shaker neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1913 in a heavily Hungarian immigrant community, it was named a historic site in the 1980s, but it is no longer standing.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Buckeye Road south of downtown was a primarily Hungarian immigrant community by the end of the nineteenth century, with ethnic ties so strong that strife could still arise with the Slovak immigrant population. Community events centered on St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church at 90th Street and Buckeye Road, the first Hungarian nationality parish anywhere in the United States.</p><br>
<p>In such an environment, the Weizer Building was built in 1913. Prominent local architect Emile Uhlrich completed the exquisite design after five years of work. Like St. Elizabeth&#39;s, it became a community center for Hungarian cultural activities. However, the ethnic neighborhood no longer exists. Thousands of Buckeye-Shaker residents fought in World War II, and most of them moved to the suburbs after returning from Europe. The trend was exacerbated in the 1960s, as crime grew in the neighborhood, and white flight took many more Hungarians to safer communities; fewer than a thousand native-born Hungarians remained resident in the entire city by the 1990 census.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Weizer Building was a brick and weatherboarded structure with a brick foundation and a tiled roof. Elements of metal and terra cotta were also prominent on the exterior. The lack of bay windows on the first floor produced a prominent overhang on the storefronts. Tile roofs covered the towers in a manner resembling bell towers, while pressed metalwork was used to form numerous small windows immediately under the roofs.</p><br>
<h2>Historic site</h2><br>
<p>In 1988, the Weizer Building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, qualifying both because of its architecture and its critical place in the history of the neighborhood. Fourteen years later, the same designation was granted to another Weizer Building farther east on Buckeye Road. Despite the designation, the Weizer Building had been destroyed by 2007, and grass and trees now cover the lot.</p><br>
<p>Payne Cobblestone House is a historic home located at Conesus in Livingston County, New York. It was constructed in the 1830s and is a vernacular 1-story, five-by-three-bay cobblestone structure with a -story offset frame wing. The interior features some Greek Revival style details. It features medium-sized field cobbles set in horizontal rows in its construction. Also on the property are three contributing structures: a sandstone railroad embankment and culvert built about 1853 and a small barrel vault culvert built to accommodate a small stream.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.</p><br>
<p>Sliker Cobblestone House is a historic home located at Conesus in Livingston County, New York. It consists of a -story frame structure with a 2-story visually dominant cobblestone portion and 1-story rear shed addition. It features medium-sized field cobbles set in horizontal rows in its construction. The interior features Federal-style details. Also on the property are four contributing outbuildings: a shed, four privies, and a barn dating to about 1900.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.</p><br>
<p>The USA Post Office in Schenectady, in the USA state of New York, is located at Jay and Liberty streets just north of City Hall. It serves the 12305, 12307 and 12308 ZIP codes, which covers the city. It is a brick Classical Revival building erected in 1912 and added onto extensively in 1933. At that point in time its main entrance was moved to Jay Street.</p><br>
<p>Its detailing, particularly the arched windows, inspired a similar design for the neighboring city hall in 1931. The two buildings were later listed together on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978; in 1989 the post office was listed in its own right.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The post office occupies most of the block. The neighborhood is densely developed and commercial, with city and county government buildings as well. The terrain is flat.</p><br>
<p>It is a rectangular building faced limestone on the south and west and yellow brick elsewhere. A central pavilion is flanked by north and south wings, the latter of which is the main entrance. Both wings have round-arched windows divided by partially engaged Ionic columns. The former main entrance, on the Liberty Street side, has free-standing Corinthian columns. At the cornice is a balustrade.</p><br>
<p>Inside, the lobby has green marble baseboards, white marble wainscoting and a white marble stair with iron railing. The high plaster ceiling&#39;s molded cornice has dentils and modillions, with an eagle on each pilaster. Bronze mailboxes and oak woodwork round out the interior decoration.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first post office in Schenectady was established in 1793. It handled mail deliveries via stagecoach lines that passed through the city from Albany on their way west. Residents went to the post office to get their mail until home delivery began in 1887.</p><br>
<p>The post office had been in several locations until the current site was chosen in 1912, for a large post office for a growing industrial city. The use of the Classical Revival architectural style by Treasury Department supervising architect James Knox Taylor, while common for new post offices in cities Schenectady&#39;s size at the time, was unusual for the city. Only the county courthouse and a few small bank buildings used it.</p><br>
<p>In 1933 the Post Office decided to expand the structure, a move that expressed confidence in Schenectady&#39;s growth since postal receipts were declining at the time due to the Great Depression. John Ryder reconfigured the building with as little disruption to the original style as possible. The interior was renovated in the 1960s, the only significant change to the building since its construction.</p><br>
<p>Kellerman Log Cabin is a historic home located at Conesus in Livingston County, New York. It is a one-story, 20 foot by 24 foot building with a large partially exposed fieldstone chimney. It is constructed of stacked adzed logs with dovetail corner joints and mud chinking. It was built in 1816 by Isaac Kellerman. It is a rare settlement era log cabin, and one of five surviving log cabins in the upper Genesee Valley. In 1978, it was moved from its original site to a public park and now houses Ganeasos History Keepers, a local history organization.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.</p><br>
<p>Clark–Keith House is a historic home located at Caledonia in Livingston County, New York. It is a -story, symmetrical, five-bay building constructed of cut stone in the Federal style. The structure was built about 1827 and has housed a tavern, post office, the village library, banks, and insurance agents. Since the 1920s, it has been used as a residence.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.</p><br>
<p>Caledonia House Hotel, also known as the Masonic Temple, is a historic hotel located at Caledonia in Livingston County, New York. It has a -story, symmetrical, five-by-three-bay main section with a -story wing. It was constructed in 1831–1833 of cut stone in the Federal style. The elegant center entrance, Palladian facade windows, and affiliated decorative woodwork are especially noteworthy. Built originally as a hotel and used as such through the 19th century, the structure now houses three commercial spaces on the first floor and the local masonic temple on the second and third floors and rear wing.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on September 13, 2001.</p><br>
<p>The Quincy Street Historic District is a historic district located along the 100, 200, and 300 blocks of Quincy Street, along with 416 Tezcuco Street, in Hancock, Michigan. The Hancock Town Hall and Fire Hall is located in the district. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Quincy Street Historic District covers the central portion of Hancock&#39;s business district consisting of the first three blocks of Quincy Street, plus two adjacent properties. The district includes three governmental structures (the Hancock Town Hall and Fire Hall, post office, and a county office building) along with 42 commercial buildings. The majority of the structures within the district were built between 1880 and 1915. The commercial buildings range from two to five stories, and are of frame, brick, or brick and stone construction. The district is notable for the widespread use of local red Jacobsville sandstone.</p><br>
<h2>History and significance</h2><br>
<p>In 1869, a major fire destroyed 75 percent of the buildings in Hancock, which were primarily made of wood. This made room for the construction of more substantial structures during the latter years of the 19th century.</p><br>
<p>The district contains a large number of well-preserved structures built around the turn of the century. These structures indicate the relative prosperity of Hancock at the time, when copper mining in the Keweenaw Peninsula was a strong industry. Many of the structures were designed by leading architects of the Upper Peninsula, including Charlton, Gilbert and Demar, and are significant for their scale and quality, and the reflection of the ethnic diversity of late 19th century Hancock.</p><br>
<p>Significant buildings in the district include:</p><br>
<p>Scott Hotel (1906) 101 East Quincy Street. Former hotel.</p><br>
<p>First National Bank Building (1888) 101-103 Quincy Street. The First National Bank Building was originally designed by Byron H. Pierce as a two-story building, its corner entrance specifically intended to exemplify the buildings location at the "entrance" to Hancocks main street. In 1903, the building was enlarged by Charles Archibald Pearce with a third floor and a 40-foot addition on the north side.</p><br>
<p>The Wright Block (1899) 100-102 Quincy Street. The Wright Block was designed by Charlton, Gilbert, and Demar. The eastern portion of this building still retains much of its original appearance, with a sandstone facade. The western portion was covered in 1952 with Vitrolite, a pigmented structural glass.</p><br>
<p>Detroit & Northern Michigan Savings & Loan Association (1939) 200 Quincy Street. This building was constructed in 1939 in the then-popular Art Deco style. The building uses contrasting Bedford limestone and black granite, and sports the streamlined surfaces, vertical elements, and stylized geometry popular in the Art Deco style.</p><br>
<p>Post Office (1934) 221 Quincy Street. This building, constructed during the Great Depression, was a Public Works Administration project, overseen by architect Louis A. Simon. The original design called for a more ornate facade and gabled slate roof, but as the building neared completion the current flat roof and simplified facade was used.</p><br>
<p>First National Bank (1905) 240 Quincy Street. This building was originally constructed in 1905, but in 1913 the facade was renovated, converting it to a Neo-Classical style with limestone columns, entry pediment, and balustrade at the top. A third story was added to the building in the 1940s.</p><br>
<p>Nutini&#39;s Supper Club (1906) 321 Quincy Street. This building still sports its pressed-metal cornice, with the original brackets and other details.</p><br>
<p>The Hancock Town Hall and Fire Hall is a public building located at 399 Quincy Street in the Quincy Street Historic District in Hancock, Michigan, United States. It is also known as the Hancock City Hall. It was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1977 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>By the end of the 19th century, the citizens of Hancock wanted a substantial government building that would reflect the citys prosperity and distinguish it from the more impermanent mining villages in the surrounding Keweenaw Peninsula. In 1898, the Quincy Mine company sold a lot on Quincy Street to the city, and the Marquette firm of Charlton, Gilbert and Demar was hired to design a Town Hall and Fire Hall building on the site. which opened in January 1899. The building originally housed the city clerks office and council chambers, along with the marshall&#39;s office, jail, and the fire department.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Hancock Town Hall is a two-story building constructed of rock-faced red Jacobsville Sandstone set in even courses, exhibiting Richardsonian Romanesque, Dutch, and Flemish architectural influences. It has a gable roof and a square tower with belfry at one corner; the tower originally had a steep conical roof. The main facade is dominated by a broadly arched window filled with diagonally paned glass and flanked by smaller windows.</p><br>
<p>The Cimarron Redoubt  was an improvised USA Army fortification south of the city of Ashland in Clark County, Kansas, United States. Built in 1870 near a major trade route&#39;s crossing of the Cimarron River, it was later used for a variety of civilian purposes, including a post office. Today, it lies abandoned amid farm fields in southern Center Township.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Southwestern Kansas was the location of some of the fighting of the Comanche War, fought between 1867 and 1875. In order to protect traffic on the Fort Supply/Fort Dodge trail, USA Army soldiers built two redoubts north and south of the Cimarron River. The southern redoubt, constructed of sandbags, was erected on the eastern side of Clark Creek south of its confluence with the Cimarron, while the earthen northern redoubt was built along the eastern side of Bear Creek. Named for the streams along which they lie, the two sites are located approximately fourteen miles apart: the Cimarron Redoubt lies nine miles south of Ashland, while the Bear Creek Redoubt lies five miles to the north of the city.</p><br>
<p>Although fighting concluded in the immediate vicinity of the redoubt by 1875, it and the Bear Creek redoubt remained necessary fortifications in the Armys strategy of keeping hostile Native Americans away from settled areas. By the late 1870s, the region was sufficiently peaceful to render the Cimarron Redoubt unnecessary, and it was left to use by local civilians. The next few years saw it converted into a store, and by 1881, it was the location of the Deep Hole post office. After an undetermined period of time, it was abandoned. Since that time, the redoubt has been remarkably well preserved: the tall grass that now covers it has significantly reduced the rate of erosion. Located in the middle of a field now used for the storage of hay, the grass-covered redoubt is Kansas only known sandbag fort.</p><br>
<p>In 1978, the Cimarron Redoubt&#39;s excellent state of preservation led to its being placed on the National Register of Historic Places, both for its historical role in military affairs and for the potential archeological value of excavation. The areas recognized as significant include both the fortification and some surrounding fields. Moreover, the National Park Service has recognized the redoubt as one of the principal sites in the valley of the Cimarron River.</p><br>
<h2>Structure</h2><br>
<p>Built by soldiers under the command of Captain John Page, the redoubt was constructed in the shape of a square, sixty feet on each side. According to an account by Frances Roe, a later commanders wife who was stationed there in January 1873, it was laid out with many aspects of larger fortifications, such as bastions, ditches, and a ten-foot-tall parapet. Inside, the fortification included log-reinforced rooms for the garrison that, under Roes supervision, were capable of becoming "clean and cheerful" for a military wife.</p><br>
<p>Today, the walls have been eroded somewhat, especially along Clark Creek on the redoubt&#39;s southern side; they are generally only about two or three feet above the surrounding terrain. Nevertheless, its structure is overall strong enough that the redoubt is expected to survive essentially intact long into the future.</p><br>
<p>The Sullivan County Courthouse is a historic courthouse building in downtown Laporte, Pennsylvania, United States. Built in 1894, this Romanesque Revival courthouse is a rectangular building measuring approximately 92 feet by 60 feet, built of brick with a slate roof. Since its construction, it has been the most prominent building in Sullivan County.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<p>The building is located in the smallest and highest county seat in Pennsylvania, at an elevation of over 2,000 ft above sea level.</p><br>
<h2>Background and history</h2><br>
<p>Sullivan County was established in 1847. At this time, the county commissioners were informed by their council that they could use any building in the county, and the commissioners each had their own office. Initial plans to build a courthouse in Sullivan County were made as early as 1847. Despite some controversy about whether to place the courthouse in Forksville, Cherry Hill or Laporte, it was eventually decided that it would be located in Laporte. In 1851 Michael Meylert constructed the 44 foot square, three-story brick courthouse. By 1893, the old courthouse&#39;s walls were buckling and held together with iron rods. It was torn down in 15 days.</p><br>
<p>The architects Wagner & Reitmeyer of Williamsport designed the new courthouse. The Lawrence Brothers Builders were the contractors for the building, submitting a bid of $24,000. The bricks were laid by William Johnson and Thomas Edwards of Jamestown, New York, and James Gansel did the plastering. Construction began in June 1894 and the first court session in the new building was held in December.</p><br>
<p>Minor renovations were done in 1935. The slate roof was replaced with shingles in 1962, but these were replaced by slate in 2013.</p><br>
<h2>Location and description</h2><br>
<p>The main portion of the Sullivan County Courthouse has two floors, along with a basement, a chimney and a four-story bell tower. The building is made mostly of brick, but contains some cut stone and doors and windows are made of hardwood. The doors and windows have arched tops. The walls are 18 in thick.</p><br>
<p>The main building is 92 by, but the building also has a square-shaped area 28 ft on a side. This area was used as a jail, and is now used for holding cells. The sheriffs residence was also in this part of the building, but he has long since moved out. The first floor of the building mainly consists of county offices, a sheriffs office, and the jail. A 50 by area of the second floor serves as a courtroom. The rest of the area mostly consists of small offices.</p><br>
<p>The Sullivan County Courthouse is located immediately southeast of the town square of the borough of Laporte. It is on the corner of Main Street and Muncy Street.</p><br>
<p>The Whittemore House is a historic house in Arlington, Massachusetts. The Greek Revival was built c. 1850, and is the only house in Arlington with the full temple-front treatment. It as two-story fluted Doric columns supporting a projecting gable end with a fan louver in the tympanum area. The entrance is located in the rightmost of the front facades three bays, and is framed by sidelight and transom windows. The buildings corners are pilastered, and an entablature encircles the building below the roof.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.</p><br>
<p>Vernon Historic District is a national historic district located in Vernon and Vernon Township, Jennings County, Indiana. It encompasses 42 contributing buildings and 3 contributing sites in Vernon. The district largely developed between about 1830 and 1900, and includes notable examples of Italianate, Greek Revival, and Federal style architecture. Notable contributing resources include the Jennings County Courthouse , American House tavern, "Rat Row" apartments , Jacob Clinton House , nures drug store ,,Judge Hickman New House , John Bassnett House , Gen. Robert S. Foster House , Methodist Church , Vernon Presbyterian Church , Baptist Church , a stone arch , Tunnel Mill site, and Vinegar Mill site.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.</p><br>
<p>The Chicago Great Western Depot at 726 East Main Street in Red Wing, in the USA State of Minnesota, is a former railroad station listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The depot was built in 1906 after the Chicago Great Western Railway  acquired two small railroads: the Minnesota Central, which connected to Cannon Falls; and the Duluth, Red Wing, and Southern, which connected to Zumbrota. CGW established a divisional headquarters and built this depot in 1906, with passenger space on the first floor and office space on the second floor. The red brick structure was the largest depot the railroad built in Minnesota.</p><br>
<p>In 1966 the line from Red Wing south to Pine Island was torn up. In 1982 the line from Cannon Falls east to Red Wing, which had not been used for years, was abandoned. The trackage to the depot was removed. The building was remodeled as a Hardee&#39;s restaurant in 1979, but by 2006 it became a Caribou Coffee location.</p><br>
<p>Union Block is a historic commercial building located in the village of Nunda in Livingston County, New York. It is a two-story, 77 by 105 foot, brick and stone structure built in 1882-1883 and designed to draw commerce and investment back to Nunda after a period of economic stagnation. It is in the Eastlake and Queen Anne style</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.</p><br>
<p>Eyre Hall is a plantation house located in Northampton, Virginia, close to Cheriton, and owned by the Eyre family since 1668. The property is one of the state&#39;s best preserved colonial homes with gardens among the oldest in the United States. The plantation was placed on the National Register on November 12, 1969. It was designated a National Historic Landmark on March 2, 2012.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The property where Eyre Hall is located was first patented to the three sons of Thomas Eyre I in 1668 and included 1,600 acre. A 700 acre tract was purchased by Littleton Eyre, a great grandson of Thomas, in 1754 with the purpose to build a family seat and a working plantation. Eyre reported holding 106 enslaved Africans that year; some of them were moved to the plantation.</p><br>
<p>The original structure built in 1760 was a 41 ft-square structure and was a 2½ story wooden home. The house was expanded, an intermediary section was raised to two stories in 1790 and a two-story unit was added in 1807. The house was modernized in 1930 and included a large kitchen, a breakfast room, and a storage building.</p><br>
<p>The property grew periodically over the years too, as a dairy was built in 1760 and a smokehouse was built around 1806. The house is surrounded by boxwood gardens, and formal lawns and fields that melt away into the Cherrystone Creek. On the grounds is also a walled garden from the 1800s, the Eyre family cemetery, and the ruins of an orangery from 1819.</p><br>
<p>Since its origin, 12 generations of the Eyre family have owned the property, several attended the College of William & Mary and served as members of the House of Burgesses. Currently, the estate is owned by H. Furlong Baldwin, a retired Baltimore bank executive and former chairman of Nasdaq who is a descendant of Thomas Eyre.</p><br>
<h2>Inventory</h2><br>
<p>Severn and Margaret Eyre contributed to the consumer revolution of the 18th century, increasing the amount of luxury goods so the family could extend their capacity to engage in a refined manner. The inventory conducted in 1774 inventory mentions two turkey carpets, “Queens china,” “two neat fowling pieces silver mounted,” “1 Violin Bow and Case,” a library with over 300 volumes, and "1 large silver Punch Bowl,” which, valued at thirty pounds, was the most expensive single article of silver included in 1774. This is in all likelihood the supposed Morning Star punch bowl made in London by John Sutton in 1692; an uncommon survival of seventeenth-century residential silver with a Virginia provenance. Eyre family legend dictates that Morning Star, a family racehorse, swallowed champagne from the bowl in the wake of winning a race.</p><br>
<h2>Interior</h2><br>
<p>Eyre Hall renders a culmination of "architectural sophistication and regional preference." Littleton Eyre (1710-1768) may have wished to erect a structure with regards to the conventions of his neighbors yet of a scale that addressed his position and aspirations. Houses of wood outline development with gambrel rooftops were prominent locally and all through the Chesapeake, yet once in a while for the wealthiest of the upper class, who tended to work with brick.</p><br>
<p>Ann and John Eyre, married in 1800, rolled out unobtrusive however stylish improvements to the house, including supplanting a straightforward bolection chimney shaping in the parlor with a neoclassical chimneypiece highlighting a cut urn and anthemions. To a late eighteenth-century story-and-a-half augmentation, they included an entire second story in 1807 and stretched out the entire to oblige a lounge area, storeroom, and servant&#39;s room. A "porch room" with a structural show pantry associated this wing to the first house.</p><br>
<p>Mirroring the mid nineteenth-century enthusiasm for the sentimental and the fascinating, and also energy for herbal science and agriculture, the Eyres introduced French beautiful backdrop portraying Turkish scenes along the Bosphorus. The backdrop, which later ended up noticeably known as Rives du Bosphore, was planned before 1812 and publicized in the United States by 1817.</p><br>
<h2>Exterior</h2><br>
<p>The house as viewed from its drive is dominated by a large two story wood frame front section with a door on the far left and framed by a portico. The bottom half is white weatherboard with the top covered with dark shingle. The large rectangular windows sit in a pair on each floor, with a window located above the entrance. A pair of large red brick chimneys pierce the roofline on the right.</p><br>
<p>The next section is offset from the drive and is covered with white weatherboard from top to bottom. Another portico juts from the side of the front section and mirrors the front entrance. A small courtyard lies in front. A door is also located to the right of this back section and is framed by a window to either side with windows in direct line above. Large red brick chimneys pierce the roof in the center and on the far right.</p><br>
<p>The entire house is set behind a white picket fence the runs its entire facade and perimeter. The dairy is located to the right of the house with the family cemetery and orangery ruins behind.</p><br>
<p>The Francis Ermatinger House is located in Oregon City, Oregon, United States. Built in 1843, it is the third oldest house in Oregon and the oldest house in Clackamas County. It was built for Francis Ermatinger, Chief Trader of the Hudson&#39;s Bay Company Columbia District, and later Treasurer of the Provisional Government of Oregon.</p><br>
<p>The house, initially built on the waterfront near Willamette Falls, has been moved twice in its history, first in 1910 to the corner of 11th and Center streets, and again in 1986 to its current location at the corner of 6th and John Adams streets, adjacent to the Stevens Crawford House museum.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Built in the Greek Revival style, the house was originally located near the Willamette River, in the downtown area near Willamette Falls. Francis Ermatinger, an employee of the Hudson&#39;s Bay Company, remained in Oregon City after the company abandoned its operations there in 1845.</p><br>
<p>The house was moved in 1910 to the corner of 11th and Center streets, and again in 1986 to its current location at the corner of 6th and John Adams streets, adjacent to the Stevens Crawford House museum.</p><br>
<p>Damage from being moved twice had left the house unstable, resulting in the windows being removed. In 2011, it was closed to the public. After repairs, the house was re-opened on July 7, 2018 by the City of Oregon City Parks and Recreation Department.</p><br>
<p>The house is open for both guided and self-guided tours of Fridays and Saturdays, with various events held at different times.</p><br>
<h3>Portland naming site</h3><br>
<p>It is believed to have been the Ermatinger Houses left parlor that the famous coin toss between Francis Pettygrove and Asa Lovejoy occurred, reputedly during a dinner party held in the house in 1845. The two were arguing about whether the town they envisioned on their land claim, then called The Clearing, should be incorporated as Boston—Lovejoys hometown in Massachusetts—or Portland—Pettygrove&#39;s hometown in Maine. Pettygrove won two out of three tosses, resulting in the city of Portland, Oregon.</p><br>
<p>New Family Theater is a historic movie theater located at Mount Morris in Livingston County, New York, United States. It was constructed in 1938&ndash;1939 and is an outstanding example of the Art Deco style. The building features linear decorative motifs, curvilinear forms, and bold colorations that appear on the building facade, interior walls of the lobby and auditorium, and in the original light fixtures.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.</p><br>
<p>The General Electric Realty Plot, often referred to locally as the GE Realty Plot, GE Plots or just The Plot, is a residential neighborhood in Schenectady, New York, United States. It is an area of approximately 90 acre just east of Union College.</p><br>
<p>Originally an undeveloped tract owned by the college, it was sold to General Electric (GE) at the end of the 19th century to help the college pay off a debt. The companys executives subdivided it, laid out streets according to a plan inspired by New Yorks Central Park and built houses on the land, with covenants requiring a minimum lot size and house value. Two of them were among the first fully electric houses in the USA, used as models by GE. Also settling in the neighborhood were some local businessmen and politicians, and the research scientists who worked at the company&#39;s research laboratory a short distance away. They were collectively responsible for over 400 patents. Some of the key events in their research happened within the Plot, as many took things home to work on.</p><br>
<p>By 1927 approximately a hundred houses had been built, including one later owned by chemist Irving Langmuir, a GE researcher, for his later life. It has subsequently been designated a National Historic Landmark in recognition of Langmuir&#39;s scientific accomplishments, including the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. In 1980 the entire neighborhood was recognized as a historic district and listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Plot is no longer so heavily dominated by GE employees, due to the companys greatly reduced presence in the city. Houses in it remain highly valued, and residents pay some of the Capital District regions highest property taxes. Rules enforced by both the neighborhood association and the city&#39;s Historic Commission preserve its historic character.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The district is mostly bounded by streets, making it roughly quadrilateral in shape. At the west, Lenox Road divides it from the college campus. Nott Street forms the northern boundary, separating the Realty Plot from Ellis Hospital until West Alley, the rear property lines between houses on Lowell Road and Glenwood Boulevard, which marks the eastern boundary. After crossing Rugby Road, the line turns west to take in the houses on the south side of that street to its intersection with Wendell Avenue, then following Union Avenue back to Lenox.</p><br>
<p>A small stream known as College Creek or Grooteskill flows west through the district to the Mohawk River, making a ravine 30 ft deep and 100 ft wide through the center of the district. It is spanned by four bluestone arch bridges, all included as contributing properties. Many mature trees grow throughout the district.</p><br>
<p>The houses within are on lots with a minimum size of 70 by, set back 35 – from the streets they front on. They are predominantly in the Colonial Revival or Georgian Revival architectural styles, with some in the Mission Revival, Queen Anne or Shingle Style.</p><br>
<p>The Steinmetz Memorial on Wendell Avenue is the only significant open space in the district. It is named for Charles Proteus Steinmetz, the German-born electrical engineer whose research made alternating current possible. Steinmetzs house (at 1297 Wendell Avenue) stood on the grounds of the Memorial. He did research in a backyard lab, and both the lab and the house were demolished in 1944. Steinmetz also chaired the citys school board. A separate public park in Schenectady, known as The Steinmetz Park, is located on Lenox Road but is outside the GE Realty Plot district.</p><br>
<p>The building at 1184 Rugby Road was developed as a primary school and remained in use for that purpose for many years.</p><br>
<p>Only five buildings have been added to the district since its initial period of development in the first quarter of the 20th century. They include a modern church by Edward Durrell Stone from the late 1950s on Wendell Avenue. Most of them are otherwise unintrusive, but are not considered contributing due to their more recent construction.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1899 Union College announced that, in order to pay off a $30,000 ($ in contemporary dollars) debt, it would sell two adjacent tracts of land. One, the College Meadow, was a 30 acre parcel to the west; the other, the College Woods, was 75 acre in size and located immediately to the east of the college. Prominent citizens of the city called for the land to be developed into a park, and a petition to that effect gained 2,200 signatures. The college proposed to lease the land to the city for that purpose, but at a very high annual rate. Shortly afterward, several members of the board of General Electric, which had grown rapidly since Thomas Edison had moved his Edison Machine Works to Schenectady in 1886, announced that the company would buy the land from the college for $57,000 ($ in contemporary dollars), retiring the college&#39;s debt.</p><br>
<p>They formed a subsidiary, Schenectady Realty Company, to purchase and develop the land. Their goal was to offer another incentive for the company&#39;s executives and researchers to stay rather than leave for a competitor or start their own companies. It took until 1903 to grade the streets and lay water and sewer lines and build the bridges.</p><br>
<p>The plan for the neighborhood was developed by Parse and DeForrest, specialists in the new discipline of urban planning. They took their inspiration from New York City&#39;s Central Park, designed by Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux. Instead of being planned around a central street, like the way Schenectady had developed along Union Street, thinking which had guided Glenwood and Parkwood boulevards elsewhere in the city, they imagined the area as two smaller lots divided by Wendell Avenue, a street named after a former landowner in the area. They laid out the streets in gentle curves, like the pathways in Central Park. They also tried something new on residential city streets at the time: the "sod gutter", by which there is no curb on a paved street, to further maintain the park-like atmosphere.</p><br>
<p>Covenants in the deeds for each lot limited construction on it to one single-family house, to be sold or valued at no less than $4,000 ($ in contemporary dollars), almost twice the median home value in Schenectady at that time, a value later raised to account for inflation. Construction had to commence within two years of the purchase of the lot. The setback and lot size restrictions were also set at this time. Another provision limited the height of any fence between properties to 3 ft, to make sure they were purely ornamental in purpose. When the plans were finished, the property&#39;s surveyor claimed "We have here a suburban residential plot second-to-none between New York and Chicago, either in layout, restrictions, or the class of houses upon it."</p><br>
<p>The streets were mostly named from a combination of the works of Sir Walter Scott and two prominent names in the history of New England, Adams and Lowell. Rugby Road was named due to the use of an adjacent field for rugby matches. Nott Road already existed and had been named for Union College president Eliphalet Nott. Lenox Road was originally spelled with two "n"&#39;s.</p><br>
<p>Every winter an area behind Brown School was flooded to create a skating pond for residents of the Plot, who received a special lapel tag to identify themselves. The fire hydrant built for this purpose is still extant.</p><br>
<p>Houses were built and sold rapidly. Some non-GE residents moved in, including the citys then-mayor F.F. Eisenmanger. In 1912 another mayor, George R. Lunn, the first Socialist mayor in New York and later the states lieutenant governor, had the city take over the maintenance of the streets. This led to the installation of sidewalks, which diluted the original sod-gutter look somewhat.</p><br>
<p>The original map of the plot shows three large parcels in the Oxford Street area to the east. Not part of the original College Woods property, they were eventually purchased by the realty company in 1914 and developed. These lots lacked the covenants in the earlier ones, and as a result some of the houses on Rugby Road are closer together than the rest of the neighborhood.</p><br>
<p>By 1927 almost all the lots were bought and built on. Since then only five new buildings have been constructed in the district.</p><br>
<h2>Preservation</h2><br>
<p>The neighborhood is one of four historic districts recognized by the city of Schenectady. It comes under the purview of its Historic Commission, a seven-member body that meets once a month. Under the city&#39;s zoning regulations, any change to a historic building in a district that is visible from a public right-of-way must be approved by the commission. Houses in the district, already the largest in the city, have some of the highest property tax valuations in the Capital District region, from $200–400,000. Many residents pay more than $10,000 annually to the city, county, and school district. Heating bills also run into the thousands.</p><br>
<p>There is also a neighborhood association, the Realty Plot Association. It publishes a newsletter, The Plot Spotter, sponsors a biennial house and garden tour and works to maintain the neighborhood&#39;s historic character. Members also greet new residents with a bottle of champagne and An Enclave of Elegance, a history of the neighborhood.</p><br>
<p>Union College owns several of the houses, and in the late 20th century decided to convert some of them to administrative offices and student housing. Residents objected, citing the deed covenants and zoning that prohibited business uses, and filed suit. In 2001 a state appeals court upheld a lower-court ruling in the colleges favor. As a nonprofit the college was not a business, and its presence predated the creation of the Plot and its deed covenants, so the framers of those covenants would have likely included language explicitly restricting college-related activities if that had been their intent. It converted the Parker-Rice estate at 1128 Lenox Road into offices for its fundraising and alumni relations departments. An attempt to have the states Court of Appeals, its highest, hear the case was denied.</p><br>
<h2>Significant contributing properties</h2><br>
<p>Most of the homes in the district that have additional significance have it because of their residents.</p><br>
<p>67 Union Avenue. In 1900, the first home built for Edwin W. Rice, a GE executive and president of Schenectady Realty, considered one of the three fathers of General Electric.</p><br>
<p>1155 Avon Road. One of the first all-electric houses in the country when built in 1905.</p><br>
<p>6 Douglas Road. The first all-electric "Gold Medallion" house in the nation in 1901.</p><br>
<p>Ernst Alexanderson House, 1132 Adams Road. Alexanderson, a pioneer in radio and television development, held 322 patents. The first television broadcast was received here in 1927. GE used it as a model for such houses</p><br>
<p>Ernst Julius Berg House, 1336 Lowell Road. Home of the producer of the first two-way radio program in the USA</p><br>
<p>William D. Coolidge House, 1480 Lenox Road. Home of the inventor of the modern X-ray tube. He served in his later years as GE&#39;s director of research</p><br>
<p>Caryl Parker Haskins House, 1166 Avon Road. Home of the entomologist when he taught at Union College.</p><br>
<p>Albert Hull House, 1435 Lowell Road. Home of the inventor of the magnetron, the later foundation for the development of radar and microwave ovens. He held 94 patents.</p><br>
<p>Irving Langmuir House, 1176 Stratford Road. From 1919 until his death in 1957, this was the home of Irving Langmuir, winner of the 1932 Nobel Prize in Chemistry and the first industrial chemist so honored. Designated a National Historic Landmark in 1985, this is the only contributing property in the district separately listed on the National Register.</p><br>
<p>George R. Lunn House, 1299 Stratford Road. Lunn was the first Socialist elected mayor of a city in New York. He later served as lieutenant governor for a term under Alfred E. Smith.</p><br>
<p>Chester Rice House, 1161 Lowell Road. One night in the 1930s, Rice, a GE engineer, directed radio beams at nearby vehicles and got them to bounce back, one of the earliest practical demonstrations of radar.</p><br>
<p>Edwin Rice House, 1050 Avon Road. Rice built this house for himself in 1905.</p><br>
<p>Long Branch is a historic family seat in Millwood, Virginia built in the early 19th century. Named after the creek that runs through the property, Long Branch was built on approximately 1,000 acres  by Robert Carter Burwell in 1811 and was owned by the Burwell-Nelson family until 1957. The property was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 1, 1969.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>On September 18, 1650, Charles II of England, granted the original tract of the Northern Neck of Virginia, to seven followers including Lord Culpepper. On September 7, 1688, after acquiring the interests of the remaining grantees, Lord Culpepper was recognized as the sole owner of the Northern Neck. This land passed to his grandson Thomas, 6th Lord of Fairfax and was managed by him until his death in 1781.</p><br>
<p>Robert Carter, familiarly known as "King Carter" was appointed agent for the sale and lease of unoccupied areas of the Fairfax proprietary. On September 22, 1730, acting as Fairfaxs agent, he executed a deed to ten of his sons and grandsons: 50,212 acres of land in what are now Clarke, Warren, and Frederick Counties, Virginia. In 1740 the land was split into eight lots and divided into approximately the same size lots. Robert "Robin" Burwell, a grandson to King Carter, received 5,619 acres of the land. Robert "Robin" Burwell left his land to his son Nathaniel and to his grandson Robert Carter Burwell. In 1769, Robin Burwell conveyed half of his land to his son Nathaniel, who later sold it in 1771. After Robin Burwells death, controversy erupted over who owned various portions of the original grant.</p><br>
<p>In 1798, after the legal problems had been sorted out, Robert Carter Burwell inherited his grandfather&#39;s land of about 1,000 acres lying roughly between Long Branch Creek and Rattlesnake Spring.</p><br>
<p>Around 1790, Robert Cater Burwell established Long Branch Plantation and began farming wheat. During the early years of the plantation, Burwell lived with his sister and brother-in-law just north of Long Branch at Rattlesnake Plantation, currently known as Rosney. In the beginning of the 19th century Burwell began to plan his own home, just south of Rosney near Long Branch Creek.</p><br>
<p>In 1811, Burwell had planned a large, two-story brick home with an east wing. Burwell consulted with architect, Benjamin Henry Latrobe during construction. After the start of construction of the plantation house, Burwell left in the summer of 1813 to fight in the War of 1812. He died later that year of diseases he contracted while stationed in Norfolk. He willed his land to his sister, Sarah Nelson and her husband Philip. It is unknown whether Burwell finished construction of the mansion before his death or if Sarah and Philip continued construction upon their inheritance.</p><br>
<p>In 1842, Philip Nelson sold Long Branch to his nephew, Hugh Mortimer Nelson and his wife Anna Maria Adelaide Holker. This was the first time Long Branch changed hands in a financial transaction and the last until 1957. When Hugh M. Nelson and his wife Adelaide moved to Long Branch with their three-year-old daughter, Nannie, they started a large renovation and expansion of the property. In 1847, Hugh Nelson Jr. was born.</p><br>
<p>After moving to Virginia from Baltimore, Maryland, Hugh and Adelaide took to life as Virginia planters and assumed a leading role within Millwoods society. Hugh Nelson took command of the Clarke Cavalry, served as a justice of the peace, and was a vestryman at Christ Church. Their position in Millwoods society came with considerable expense. As early as 1850, Nelson started to take out loans against Long Branch. He took out several debts and left many bills unpaid. There is little evidence that Adelaide knew of any financial troubles.</p><br>
<p>In 1861, Hugh M. Nelson organized the Clarke Cavalry and reported for duty to fight with the Confederate Army. After fighting in the Seven Days Battles, Nelson fell sick with typhoid and died on August 6, 1862. Long Branch escaped much damage during the war. Reports of the fields being burned was the extent of any damage done.</p><br>
<p>After the war, Adelaide discovered the debt and was in danger of losing Long Branch. The plantation had decreased in value. In 1860, Long Branch was assessed for $103,600 (~$ in ). By 1870, it had decreased to the value of $45,000 (~$ in ). In 1867, after much legal battle, the courts had ordered the personal effects of Hugh Sr. be put to auction. Adelaide and her son, Hugh Nelson Jr. bought back the majority of the plantations possessions. In 1869, the courts ordered that the house and farm where auctioned off to pay off the remaining debts. The land was auctioned off in two plats, half of the land in one and 280 acres with the house and old buildings. Adelaide was the only bidder for the lot with the house. Eight months after Adelaide died of pneumonia in 1875, Hugh Nelson Jr. bought back the other half of the farm and the entire farm was restored to the family by court decree in 1884.</p><br>
<p>Hugh Nelson Jr. and his wife, Sallie Page Nelson, lived at Long Branch and established a reputation for their hospitality and entertaining. After the death of Hugh Nelson Jr. in 1915, Sallie Page Nelson remained at Long Branch until her death in 1951.</p><br>
<p>In August 1957, Long Branch was sold to Abram and Dorothy Hewitt. At the time of the sale, Long Branch had deteriorated and the Hewitt&#39;s worked to repair and renovate the house. They lived at Long Branch, raising their four sons until 1978 when they sold Long Branch to two doctors from California. In 1982, they sold to a Texas businessman and horse breeder. The condition of Long Branch had deteriorated significantly and the mortgage defaulted on. Once again, Long Branch was auctioned on the steps of the Clarke County Courthouse. In 1986, Harry Z. Isaacs, a Baltimore textile executive and horse breeder, purchased the house and land for $1.35 million (~$ in ).</p><br>
<p>Isaacs began an extensive restoration of Long Branch. Shortly after the start of the restoration, Isaacs learned he had terminal cancer. Upon his death, he left the house and 400-acres to a non-profit foundation and opened Long Branch to the public.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Built in 1811, Long Branch is a Federal style, two-story, Flemish bond, brick mansion. The symmetrical façade has seen little changes over the years. The south façade was the original front of the house; changing after Harry Isaacs constructed new roads throughout the property. The belvedere and front and back porticos were added in 1845 by Hugh M. and Adelaide Nelson. The south portico boasts Ionic columns and the north portico has Tuscan columns.</p><br>
<p>The east wing was a service wing with an open loggia that was enclosed in the Nelson renovation of 1845. They added the woodwork in the parlor and original dining room, which is based on the designs of Minard Lefever&#39;s pattern books and has been called "some of the most beautiful examples of Greek Revival woodwork in the nation." Hugh M. Nelson also added the hanging spiral staircase and the columns in the entrance hall.</p><br>
<p>Indoor plumbing was added some time before 1915, with two identical bathrooms on the first and second floors were added to the northwest rooms. Electricity and a modern kitchen were added after WWII. The Hewitt&#39;s made improvements to the house and updated its amenities without altering the structure.</p><br>
<p>Harry Z. Isaacs made a number of changes to Long Branch. He added the west wing to balance the exterior of the house and completed a number of extensive reconstructions. Structural issues required the south wall of the east wing to be rebuilt. The east wing dining room was enlarged and the size of the kitchen reduced. A stairwell to the basement was removed to make a pantry. Isaac&#39;s restoration involved the removal and replacement of existing materials and features. The brick sidewalks, shutters, columns, portico details and features, chimneys, roofing, gutters, exterior brick, and mantels were all replaced with modern reconstructions.</p><br>
<h3>Benjamin Latrobe</h3><br>
<p>Latrobe commented on Burwells plans and made a number of criticisms. He noted the location of the dining room and bedroom on the north side of the house. "In the summer you will be plagued in the evening after dinner by the western sun, and in the winter by the N. West wind." The largest criticism was the lack of a servant staircase in Burwells plans. Without a second stair, servants would be unable to go upstairs without using the main staircase and crossing the central hall. The back staircase to the left of the central stair is believed to be a direct result of Latrobe&#39;s comments. Overall Latrobe described the Long Branch plans as, "infinitely a better one than almost any other which I have seen adopted in Virginia, and the house would be a good one without any alteration." While Latrobe made comments to the plans Burwell sent them, there is no evidence that Latrobe ever visited the site or directly drew plans for Long Branch.</p><br>
<h2>Grounds</h2><br>
<h3>Agriculture</h3><br>
<p>During the 18th and 19th centuries, the Shenandoah Valley was a productive and expanding agricultural region. The Valley farmers took advantage of the fertile land and created a booming commercial agricultural industry. Corn, hay, and various other grains dominated the region. Wheat served as the most prominent cash crop in the valley. The owners of Long Branch capitalized on this market and maintained a wheat plantation into the mid-19th century.</p><br>
<p>The wheat from Long Branch was likely ground at the nearby Burwell-Morgan Mill in Millwood and transported to the markets in Alexandria before being shipped to Europe.</p><br>
<p>Records show that while wheat was the main crop at Long Branch, corn was a secondary crop for the plantation. Letters written by the residents of Long Branch explain their hope for the corn after the wheat crop failed.</p><br>
<p>Over the years, Long Branch has raised a variety of livestock, including cow, sheep, horses, pigs, and chickens.</p><br>
<h3>Gardens</h3><br>
<p>Through the 1800s much of Long Branch&#39;s land was taken up by the wheat plantation. The main house was supported by a greenhouse (burned down in 1861), orchards, and kitchen gardens. Records show that roses, chrysanthemums, and violets were grown on the property. The orchard had cherries, plums, and peaches. The kitchen gardens grew a variety of vegetables and herbs. By the 1930s the gardens were lost, however, the Hewitts reintroduced the flower and kitchen gardens to Long Branch.</p><br>
<p>In 1997, the Sheila Macqueen Gardens were established at Long Branch. The flower gardens are dedicated to the notable British flower arranger, Sheila Macqueen. The gardens feature herbs, hellebores, hostas, Constance Spry Roses, and a variety of plant species native to Macqueen&#39;s English Gardens. Today the gardens are sustained by the Sheila Macqueen Flower Ladies.</p><br>
<h3>Outbuildings</h3><br>
<p>Pictorial records and oral histories indicate that Long Branch had a grouping of outbuildings fairly close to the house. Various owners have built and demolished these outbuildings over the years. Up to the mid-20th century a number of buildings had survived. These include the summer kitchen, slave quarters, privy, smokehouse, icehouse, and two carriage barns. An 1868 auction handbill states that Long Branch had an overseers house, laborers houses, blacksmith shop, and barns and stables. A greenhouse was located on the property but burned in 1861. The summer kitchen collapsed in 1965 and an office was rebuilt in its place and was paneled with wood from an old sheep shed. A bank barn survived until 1971 when it burned down. Only the smokehouse and springhouse remain.</p><br>
<p>A pool was added by the Hewitts&#39; and later taken out by Isaacs.</p><br>
<p>Harry Isaacs constructed numerous outbuildings that stand today. The large horse barn, a machinery shed, two garages, and two houses near the north and south entrances of the property.</p><br>
<h3>Horses</h3><br>
<p>Horses have been an integral part of the history at Long Branch. Originally horses were used to help plow the fields and pull carriages. Hugh Nelson Jr. was an avid horse breeder, raising thoroughbreds and Clydesdales. Abram Hewitt and Harry Isaacs continued the horse breeding tradition at Long Branch, each having their own well-known operations.</p><br>
<p>Today, Long Branch has an extensive boarding program for the care of retired sport horses.</p><br>
<h2>Slavery</h2><br>
<p>As a large wheat plantation, Long Branch used enslaved workers to tend to the fields as well as the families house and gardens. At the peak of operation, the plantation utilized 20-30 slaves for the planting and harvesting of the crop. In addition to the main farming tasks, slaves also tended to the flower and kitchen gardens and helped with the maintenance and cleaning of the mansion.</p><br>
<p>The residents of Long Branch utilized slave labor until the end of the Civil War. At least one family was rehired after emancipation to continue as free labor on the farm.</p><br>
<h2>Museum</h2><br>
<p>After his death in 1990, Harry Z. Issacs left Long Branch to a non-profit foundation. The Harry Z. Isaacs foundation has headquarters in Baltimore with a local board of directors. Tyson Gilpin, chaired the board of directors, oversaw the daily operation of the estate and Colette Poisson, as assistant to Isaacs, became the curator. On April 3, 1993, Long Branch was opened to the public.</p><br>
<p>In 2013, Long Branch underwent an extensive update to the museum. The museum installed new history exhibits and period rooms with an updated self-guided tour and new museum programming.</p><br>
<p>Long Branch Historic House and Farm hosts many special events and weddings on location.</p><br>
<p>Dansville Library is a historic library located at Dansville in Livingston County, New York. It is a large two story Neoclassical style frame structure. It is dramatically enhanced by a pedimented, giant portico covering its full width. The portico features four Doric columns, an elaborate frieze with triglyphs and rosettes, a modillion cornice, and a semi-elliptical fan decoration in the cornice. The earliest section was built in 1823 as a private home for Joshua Shepard . The Shepard family donated the house for use as a library in 1923.</p><br>
<p>In 2011 a renovation of the building was undertaken in order to bring the facilities of the library up to modern expectations of technological ability and handicap access. A new wing was added to the southeast end of the building, dubbed the Saunders wing after the beneficence of local business mogul E. Philip Saunders and his wife Carol. The interior of the original Shepard building was fully remodeled while the exterior received needed repair and upkeep.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977 and it is a contributing property in the Dansville Downtown Historic District.</p><br>
<p>Arrowmont School of Arts and Crafts is an Arts and Crafts center in the USA city of Gatlinburg, Tennessee. The oldest craft school in Tennessee, Arrowmont offers workshops in arts and crafts such as painting, woodworking, drawing, glass, photography, basket weaving, ceramics, fiber arts, book arts and metalworking. The School has an 11-month Artists-in-Residence program for early career artists. Arrowmont&#39;s campus contains the oldest buildings in Gatlinburg and comprises two historic districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Arrowmonts history is rooted in a settlement school founded by the Pi Beta Phi womens fraternity in Gatlinburg in 1912. The school provided the only public education for children in the Gatlinburg area until Sevier County assumed control of its public schools in the early 1940s. The early writings and reports of the settlement schools teachers provide an important glimpse of Gatlinburg in the days before the establishment of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park radically changed the citys economy and culture. Pi Beta Phi helped prime Gatlinburg for the coming tourism boom, and also helped Gatlinburg residents tap into the national market for the crafts of Southern Appalachia with the establishment of Arrowcraft in the 1920s.</p><br>
<p>After the county gained control of the settlement school in 1943, Pi Beta Phi and the University of Tennessee established the craft workshops that evolved into what is now Arrowmont.</p><br>
<p>The school&#39;s campus was damaged on November 29, 2016, when a wildfire from the nearby Great Smoky Mountains National Park spread throughout Gatlinburg. Arrowmont lost two dormitories and a maintenance shed. All other buildings were unharmed.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Establishment of the settlement school</h3><br>
<p>In the early 20th century, reports of widespread poverty and lack of education in Southern Appalachia gained the attention of religious and philanthropic organizations. Inspired by the settlement house movement that began in the previous century, these organizations established "settlement schools" in remote mountain communities to provide free education. In June 1910, former Pi Beta Phi Grand President Emma Harper Turner spoke at the fraternitys national convention and suggested the fraternity establish such a school as a memorial for its 50th anniversary. The fraternitys National Alumnae Association authorized the school on June 30, and fraternity leaders initiated an extensive study to locate a mountain community that would most benefit from a new school. The USA Commissioner of Education suggested they establish such a school in Tennessee, and the Tennessee Department of Education identified Sevier County as having the fewest schools. An East Tennessee teacher, Mabel Moore, pointed the Pi Beta Phis to Gatlinburg&mdash; then a tiny mountain hamlet at the edge of the Great Smoky Mountains&mdash; as the community most in need of a new school. In 1910, Pi Beta Phi Grand President May Lansfield Keller made the 17 mi trek from Sevierville to Gatlinburg over what she called "the worst road in Tennessee" and verified that Gatlinburg was the best choice for the fraternity&#39;s first philanthropy.</p><br>
<p>Nashville native Martha Hill was chosen as the school&#39;s first teacher, and classes began February 20, 1912, in an abandoned schoolhouse at the confluence of Baskins Creek and the Little Pigeon River. When the locals showed little enthusiasm for the purchase, Pi Beta Phi threatened to close the school. A last minute effort led by Andrew Huff, Steve Whaley, and Isaac Maples raised the necessary funds, however, and Ogle transferred the deed on the evening of the deadline set by Pi Beta Phi.</p><br>
<h3>Settlement school operations, 1915&mdash;1943</h3><br>
<p>Early teachers at the Pi Beta Phi settlement school were moved by the "sad faces" and "stolid character" of the mountain children. The teachers were surprised to learn that many of the children didnt know basic childrens games, and most knew nothing about traditional Christmas celebrations. As the mountain children were fond of running through the forest barefooted, hookworm was a common parasite, and teacher Mary Pollard spent much of her 1913&ndash;1916 tenure trying to eradicate it. The Pi Beta Phis built a new six-room schoolhouse in 1914, and in 1916 added a new ten-room teachers cottage. During the 1918 flu pandemic, Head Resident Evelyn Bishop made numerous house calls in Gatlinburg and the vicinity that endeared the school to the local population. In 1920, Pi Beta Phi dispatched Canadian-born nurse Phyllis Higinbotham (who had previously worked at the Henry Street Settlement and Hindman Settlement School) to Gatlinburg to oversee the settlement schools health care needs.</p><br>
<p>In 1920, Pi Beta Phi installed Gatlinburgs first electric generator to provide power to the school. The following year, the school installed the towns first telephone in the Head Residents office. Around the same time, Pi Beta Phi teachers began teaching classes in the impoverished Sugarlands community south of Gatlinburg. A small hydroelectric dam was built in 1924 to replace the 1920 generator, and the school began publishing Gatlinburgs first newspaper, The Gatlinburg News, in 1925. In 1924, the Pi Beta Phis organized Gatlinburgs first agriculture co-op and later organized the towns first Chamber of Commerce. The Settlement Schools influence helped Gatlinburg maximize the benefits of the tourist boom that came in the 1930s, and helped keep much of the profits from the tourism industry in local hands. A number of the Settlement Schools students went on to play important roles in the development of Gatlinburg and the vicinity in the subsequent decades, among them Bruce Whaley (Riverside Hotel), Dick Whaley (Greystone Inn), Jack Huff (LeConte Lodge), and Charles Earl Ogle (the Mountain Mall and various other ventures).</p><br>
<p>In 1943, Sevier County assumed control of the Pi Beta Phi schools, and built a new school for elementary school students in 1950. Pi Beta Phi High School was consolidated with the high school at nearby Pittman Center in 1963 to form Gatlinburg-Pittman High School. Pi Beta Phi Elementary School, located immediately south of the Arrowmont campus, still serves Gatlinburg&#39;s kindergarten through 8th grade students (the current school building was built in the 1960s).</p><br>
<h3>Arrowcraft</h3><br>
<p>The American Arts and Crafts Revival, which began in the 19th century, helped create a market for traditional handicrafts that settlement house workers seized upon as a means of income for urban immigrants. In the early 20th century, the settlement school movement opened the same markets to the residents of Southern Appalachia. Noting the success of other settlement schools in marketing the regions crafts, Phi Beta Phi Settlement School Head Resident Caroline McKnight Hughes began purchasing handmade baskets and coverlets to sell to the fraternitys alumnae clubs. While Hughes easily found buyers for the items she purchased, she struggled with lack of cooperation from the locals, who didn&#39;t fully understand the demand for their products, and often ignored shipment deadlines and refused to sell items on credit.</p><br>
<p>In 1925, weaving instructor Winogene Redding joined the settlement schools staff, and began teaching traditional weaving. By 1926, 30 families were weaving for the school, and had successfully adapted to Reddings strict factory-like regimen of quality and deadlines. In 1927, teachers Harmo Taylor and Lois Rogers opened the Arrowcraft Shop on the settlement schools campus, which acted as both a showroom for passing tourists and a distribution center for shipments (the shop was named after Pi Beta Phis primary symbol, the arrow). Representatives from Arrowcraft helped establish the Southern Highland Craft Guild in 1929, which gave local artisans greater access to national markets. The Guild presently operates the Arrowcraft Store, which was built in 1940.</p><br>
<h3>Arrowmont</h3><br>
<p>After Sevier County assumed control of the Pi Beta Phi schools in 1943, the fraternity began focusing on its Arrowcraft division. In 1945, with the help of the University of Tennessee Home Economics Department, Pi Beta Phi established the Summer Crafts Workshop, which provided craft classes to students and teachers. The success of the workshops led to a proposal at the fraternity&#39;s 1954 convention to create a permanent, year-round school in Gatlinburg. The 1962 convention authorized the project.</p><br>
<p>In 1968, Pi Beta Phi disbanded the Settlement School Committee and established a Board of Governors for the new crafts school. The following year, the name "Arrowmont" was chosen, and Summer Crafts Workshop director Marian Heard was selected as head of the new school. In June 1970, Arrowmont dedicated its new 38,200 ft&sup2; Emma Harper Turner Building, which provides offices, classrooms, and studio space (the building&#39;s architect, Hubert Bebb, earned an Award of Merit from the American Institute of Architects for his design).</p><br>
<h2>Arrowmont today</h2><br>
<p>Arrowmont is currently known for its seasonal weekend, one-week and two-week workshops, which attract students from all over the world. Along with traditional handicrafts such as weaving and basketry, the school&#39;s curriculum has expanded to include courses on metalworking, ceramics, jewelry making, painting, photography, drawing, book binding, quilting, glasswork and woodworking. The school displays its work in five galleries on campus.</p><br>
<p>Arrowmont sponsors an 11-month Artist-in-Residence program for five artists selected annually. The school has also hosted dozens of conferences for various entities, including the American Craft Council, the Tennessee Art and Education Association, the Tennessee Watercolor Society, and a 1985 woodturner&#39;s conference that spawned the American Association of Woodturners. Major exhibitions hosted by Arrowmont have included the 1979 Southeastern Conference and Traditional Basketry Forms Exhibition, the 1982 Forms of Leather Exhibition, the 1983 Directions in Surface Design Exhibition, and the 1999 All Things Considered Exhibition. Arrowmont hosts major symposia, such as Utilitarian Clay: Celebrate The Object. Additionally, Arrowmont hosts over 1,200 local school children annually for a day of hands-on art immersion through its ArtReach program.</p><br>
<h3>Property sale proposals</h3><br>
<p>In July 2008, Pi Beta Phi notified Arrowmont that it had entered into negotiations with anonymous business interests for the sale of its Arrowmont property. While the fraternity offered to help fund the relocation of Arrowmont (and the business interests seeking to purchase the land stated that the preservation of Arrowmont was part of their development plans), the Arrowmont Board of Directors staunchly opposed the sale in a statement issued in 2008, arguing that any relocation would affect the school&#39;s future prosperity. On October 30, 2008, Pi Beta Phi withdrew from negotiations to sell the property.</p><br>
<p>In late 2013, Pi Beta Phi informed the Board of Governors of Arrowmont that they could purchase the property for $8,000,000 but that they had to raise the amount in 7 months. The City of Gatlinburg contributed $3,500,000 and the Sevier County Commission invested $750,000 "for a lot of reasons but ultimately, it was the right thing to do," according to Larry Waters, Mayor of the Sevier County Commission. A private foundation added $2,750,000 and the Arrowmont Board of Governors $300,000. Numerous gifts from Arrowmont&#39;s local and national friends narrowed the gap until only $500,000 remained to be raised. On April 2, 2014, the Board of Governors closed on a loan for $500,000 that made up the difference and the property was sold to Arrowmont.</p><br>
<h2>NRHP-listed structures</h2><br>
<p>The Arrowmont campus currently contains two historic districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The Settlement School Dormitories and Dwellings Historic District, added March 20, 2007, consists of six structures and comprises approximately 5 acre on the east side of the Arrowmont campus.</p><br>
<h3>Settlement School Dormitories and Dwellings Historic District</h3><br>
<p>Helmick House/Teacher&#39;s Cottage, a -story frame bungalow built in 1916, and designed by architects (and Pi Beta Phi alumnae) Alda and Elmina Wilson. Locals provided the lumber and did much of the carpentry work.</p><br>
<p>Stuart Dormitory, a -story Colonial Revival dwelling built in 1941 and designed by Knoxville architects Barber & McMurry (this firm also designed the headquarters for the Great Smoky Mountains National Park a few miles to the south). The Stuart Dormitory replaced a cottage of the same name used by teachers before the construction of Helmick House. The original cottage was purchased by Pi Beta Phi sisters Melinda and Ann Stuart for the school&#39;s use in 1916.</p><br>
<p>Ruth Barrett Smith Staff House, or simply "Staff House," a one-story Colonial Revival building built in 1952 and designed by Barber & McMurry. The dining room was added to the west end in 1989.</p><br>
<p>Old Wood Studio, two attached one-story buildings and with an open-air workspace built in 1952.</p><br>
<p>Chicken coop, a one-story shed with a metal roof built in around 1923. Along with the Red Barn, the chicken coop was built as part of the settlement school&#39;s vocational agricultural program in the early 1920s.</p><br>
<p>Stock Barn, usually called the "Red Barn" and occasionally referred to as the "Model Barn," a two-story wooden crib barn built in 1923 and renovated in 1959 by Barber & McMurry. The barn was initially built as a model of proper barn construction as part of the settlement school&#39;s vocational agriculture program, and later used as a gymnasium and theater. It was renovated in 1959 for use as a dormitory.</p><br>
<h3>Settlement School Community Outreach Historic District</h3><br>
<p>Jennie Nicol Health Clinic Building, a one-story Rustic-style building built in 1948 and designed by Barber & McMurry. The building replaced a smaller clinic of the same name, which had been set up in 1922. The building&#39;s namesake was a founding member of Pi Beta Phi who died shortly after obtaining her medical degree.</p><br>
<p>Arrowcraft Shop, a one-story Rustic-style building built in 1940 and designed by Barber & McMurry. A one-story annex, also designed by Barber & McMurry, was added sometime around 1960, and now houses the shop&#39;s administrative offices. A third addition, designed by the Knoxville firm Cooper & Perry, was added in 1978 and now houses the gift shop.</p><br>
<p>Ogle Cabin, a half-dovetail notched single-pen log cabin built around 1807 by Gatlinburg&#39;s original pioneer settlers. Local tradition suggests that William Ogle (c. 1756&ndash;1803) "discovered" White Oak Flats (modern Gatlinburg) in the early 19th century, and cut and hewed the logs for the cabin with plans to return at some point with his family. Although William died before he could return, his wife, Martha Huskey, and her children and brothers made the trek to White Oak Flats in 1807 and assembled the logs. The descendants of William and Martha Ogle are still very active in the public and economic affairs of Gatlinburg. Pi Beta Phi set up a museum of mountain life in the cabin in the early 1920s. This cabin should not be confused with the NRHP-listed Noah Ogle Place, which lies inside the park a few miles south of Gatlinburg.</p><br>
<p>Cottage at the Creek, a one-story L-shaped Rustic-style building originally built around 1913 for use as a schoolhouse, expanded around 1926 for use as the original Arrowcraft Shop, and currently home to the Thomas Kinkade Gallery. Architect Hubert Bebb used it as an office while designing the Turner Building.</p><br>
<p>Craftsmans Fair Grounds and School Playground, a large open space between the community outreach buildings and Pi Beta Phi Elementary School, originally used as a food garden by the settlement school, and later the site of the first Southern Highland Handicraft Guild Craftsmans Fair in 1948. Part of the grounds now serve as a playground for the elementary school.</p><br>
<p>The Seiberling Mansion is a historic house located at Kokomo, Indiana, United States. In 1887, Monroe Seiberling of Akron, Ohio, traveled to Kokomo to open the Kokomo Strawboard Company, which would make shoe boxes out of straw and employ seventy-five people. Within six months, Seiberling, uncle of Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company founder Frank Seiberling, sold the Kokomo Strawboard Company and opened the Diamond Plate Glass Company. He began construction on his mansion in October 1889 at a cost of $50,000, with construction ending within two years. The mansion is built in a mixture of Queen Anne and Romanesque Revival styles.</p><br>
<p>In 1972, the Seiberling Mansion was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It is located in the Old Silk Stocking Historic District.</p><br>
<p>The mansion is owned by the Howard County Historical Society and serves as the location of the Howard County Museum.</p><br>
<p>Garrett Memorial Chapel is a small Church in the Norman Gothic Style located on Bluff Point at Lake Keuka, in the town of Jerusalem, in Yates County, New York. On 30 March 2001 the Chapel was added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Chapel was built in 1930-1931 by the Garrett family of whom Paul Garrett was a major figure in the American wine industry as a memorial to his son Charles who had died of tuberculosis in January 1930. The rectangular plan building is constructed of ashlar granite with cast stone decorative elements. It features a polygonal apse, round arched openings, and a large square corner tower topped by a lantern and weathervane. On the lower level is the church crypt. Also on the property is a contributing concrete block lavatory. Many of the stained glass windows in the chapel and the crypt were designed by Frederick Wilson.</p><br>
<p>The Chapel is normally open from April to November and is serviced by a seasonal access road. The Chapel is non-denominational but is under the stewardship of the Episcopal Diocese of Rochester. It is a popular venue for weddings due to its architecture and scenic views of Keuka Lake and the surrounding area.</p><br>
<p>Black and White Farm Barn is a historic barn located near Sonyea in Livingston County, New York. It is a large two story wood-frame building built in 1884 on a 600 acre farm. The barn is rectangular in plan and measures 160 ft in length and 200 ft in depth. It features a central courtyard which measures approximately 80 ft in length and 120 ft in depth.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.</p><br>
<p>Corby Farm Complex is a historic farm complex located near Honeoye Falls in Livingston County, New York. The complex consists of the farmhouse and the following contributing structures: garage, smokehouse, pump house, clothes drying pole, privy, barn, two silos, and gate posts. The farmhouse consists of a -story main block with -story kitchen wing, built in the mid-19th century and remodeled in 1877 and again about 1900.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.</p><br>
<p>The Union Street Historic District extends along a section of that street in Schenectady, New York, United States. Covering roughly two miles  of both sides of the street, it includes 184 buildings in its 65 acre.</p><br>
<p>Over the course of the 19th century, the city&#39;s development followed Union, one of the major through roads to the east, as it industrialized and expanded out of its colonial core on the banks of the Mohawk River. In 1982 the historic district was recognized and listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The district&#39;s western terminus is at the former New York Central Railroad tracks (now used by Amtrak and CSX) just north of the train station and southeast of the Stockade Historic District; from there it extends eastward to Phoenix Avenue, one block short of where NY 146 joins the street. It is defined as street addresses 306-1364 on the south side and 307-1355 on the north. Two small portions of Nott Terrace and Union Avenue are also included.</p><br>
<p>Union College, roughly one-third of the way between termini, had a tremendous influence on the district&#39;s development and bisects it both historically and by land use. On the west, closer to downtown Schenectady and the Stockade neighborhood, the oldest in the city, buildings are a mix of pre-1850 commercial, institutional and residential properties, mainly brick. East of the college the street becomes more uniformly residential, with frame the preferred material for houses built in Victorian styles from the later 19th and early 20th centuries. Only twelve of the buildings in the district are considered non-contributing.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Schenectady, founded by 17th-century Dutch settlers as a trading outpost to deal with the Iroquois tribes to the west, remained a small riverside village not much larger than the present Stockade District for the years after the Revolution. Two events in the early 19th century began to change that. Union College, which had been operating out of a building at Union and South Ferry streets, moved to its present campus in 1814. Nine years later, the Erie Canal was completed, bringing more traffic past the city, added to by the railroads as they began to develop in the next decade.</p><br>
<p>The growth this spurred began to follow the toll road that is today Union Street, which at the time connected Schenectady with Watervliet and Troy to the east. At first it was related to the college, which owned the land on the north side of Union and subdivided it to homeowners. To allow visitors to view the colleges new campus, the first planned campus in the United States, college president Eliphalet Nott stipulated that houses built between Barrett Street and Seward Place be set back "the width of an average veranda" (about 20 ft) in order to allow views of the campus from the western approach. This is still in evidence today, and the area has some of the districts notable buildings, like the college president&#39;s residence (possibly built by Nott) at 709 Union.</p><br>
<p>In 1848, the Schenectady Locomotive Works was built on Jay Street. This triggered the construction of workers housing and buildings to service them, like Mercy Hospital (614 Union) and the German Methodist Church (404 Union), on the blocks closer to Erie Boulevard. The companys president, John Ellis, built his mansion at 802 Union, helping to establish the eastern blocks as a desirable residential area. After his death, his family sold some of the estate, and one of the parcels was bought to establish St. John the Evangelist Church, with its unique steel-and-glass spire. The mansion is now the church&#39;s rectory.</p><br>
<p>The last spur to the growth of Union Street was the rise of the citys other major native manufacturer, General Electric. Started when Thomas Edison moved his machine works to Schenectady in 1886, the company grew into the leading manufacturer of electric appliances by the 20th century. Many of its executives built houses along Union, where the company had electrified the streetcar line. By the 1920s this development had brought the citys eastern frontier to Phoenix Avenue, when the Depression stopped most new private construction. It resumed later in different styles and uses, but the current district remains relatively intact as it was at that point, with little infill.</p><br>
<p>It is one of five local historic districts designated by the City of Schenectady. It comes under the purview of its Historic Commission, a seven-member body that meets once a month. Under the city&#39;s zoning regulations, any change to a historic property in a district that is visible from a public right-of-way must be approved by the commission.</p><br>
<h2>Significant contributing properties</h2><br>
<p>None of the houses or other buildings in the district has been separately listed on the National Register, either before or since its creation. Some are significant within it.</p><br>
<p>President&#39;s House, 709 Union Street. A two-story Gothic Revival home built ca. 1860, possibly for Eliphalet Nott, that serves as the residence for the president of Union College.</p><br>
<p>General Francis Fisk House, 711 Union Street. A frame Greek Revival house built ca. 1840, this is one of the oldest houses in the district west of downtown.</p><br>
<p>St. John the Evangelist Church, 814 Union Street. Built in 1899, this church features a distinctive 230 ft steel-and-glass central spire, with a view towards the colleges Nott Memorial from the front. Former Ellis mansion nearby serves as the churchs rectory.</p><br>
<p>Willis Hanson Estate, 821 Union Street and 20½ Union Avenue. 1888 three-story Queen Anne estate and 1900 carriage house built for wealthy local businessman.</p><br>
<p>The Shepard Street–South Road Street Historic District is a national historic district located at Elizabeth City, Pasquotank County, North Carolina. The district encompasses 161 contributing buildings in a historically African-American section of Elizabeth City. The district developed from the mid-19th to mid-20th century, and includes representative examples of Greek Revival, Gothic Revival, Italianate, Queen Anne, Colonial Revival, Bungalow, and American Foursquare style architecture. Notable contributing buildings include the Sawyer–Pailin–Overman House , Antioch Presbyterian Church ,  St. Catherine Catholic Church , Olive Branch Missionary Baptist Church , Corner Stone Missionary Baptist Church ,  St. Phillips Episcopal Church , the Sundry Shop , Rex Cleaning Works , Good Samaritan Hall , and Republican Star Odd Fellows Hall .</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.</p><br>
<p>The YWCA, Phillis Wheatley Branch in St. Louis, Missouri is a building dating from 1927. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<p>The branch was founded in 1911 and named for Phillis Wheatley, the first African-American poet. It was only the fifth YWCA for African-Americans.</p><br>
<p>The YWCA was a center of intellectual life in the Mill Creek Valley neighborhood. The Fisk Jubilee Singers performed at Wheatley in 1916, and W.E.B. Du Bois gave a lecture in 1922. Maya Angelou, Mary McLeod Bethune and Butterfly McQueen all visited or stayed in the YWCA&#39;s hotel rooms.</p><br>
<p>The building was constructed in 1927 for the St. Louis Womens Christian Association, also known as the Womens Christian Home, which was first organized in 1868. In 1941 they sold the building to the YWCA.</p><br>
<p>The USA Post Office in Dansville, New York, United States, is located on Main Street . It was designed and built in 1932–1933, and is one of a number of post offices in New York State designed by the Office of the Supervising Architect under James A. Wetmore. The building is in the Colonial Revival style and features an unusual stepped parapet above the portico, blind arches above the windows, and elaborate decoration.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. It is a contributing property in the Dansville Downtown Historic District.</p><br>
<p>Westerly is a historic home located at the hamlet of Piffard in Livingston County, New York. It was built in 1850 by a local builder named McBride. The two story brick house set on a stone foundation with a hipped roof and widow&#39;s walk, is thought to have followed plans in a builders handbook of the period and features subdued Greek Revival characteristics with a hint of Italian Villa design elements. The house was built by prominent early settlers Major and Mrs. William H. Spencer, whose son William Spencer married Julia Tyler, daughter of President John Tyler and Julia Gardiner Tyler in 1869. After her death in 1871, the home was sold to the Wadsworth family.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.</p><br>
<p>Villa Riviera is a registered historic building on Ocean Boulevard in the Alamitos Beach neighborhood of Long Beach, California, United States. The building was an "own-your-own" apartment building and each unit was sold fully furnished. In those days, Apartment-Hotels were apartment buildings featuring full service hotel amenities. The Villa Riviera provided maid service, valets, doormen, concierge, and managers on duty to cater to the needs of residents. The Villa Riviera was completed, and the owners moved in, by the end of 1928 to enjoying a grand opening party January 1929.</p><br>
<p>From the time of its completion in 1928 through to 1955, it was the second-tallest building, and the tallest private building, in Southern California. The 16-story Châteauesque building has been called the city&#39;s "most elegant landmark" and a building that "has helped define the city." The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1996 and is currently used as condominiums with approximately 134 units, including three penthouse apartments occupying the areas on the 15th and 16th floors of the building, complete with grotesques outside the 16th floor windows.</p><br>
<h2>Description and architecture</h2><br>
<p>Built in 1928 at a cost of $2.75 million, the Villa Riviera is a 16-story French Gothic Building. The steel-framed The structure features fierce-looking grotesques perched along the ridges of the higher floors. The four styles of grotesques are: a bear holding a shield, a cougar, an eagle, and a winged chimera featuring a wolfs head and a birds body. They adorn each uppermost corner of the building and both sides of the 16th floor balconies overlooking the city and ocean. The building was also equipped with luxurious features, including a roof garden, the "Umbrella Room" lobby, high-speed elevators, "vacuum-type steam heating," and a 100-car garage replete with car elevator to aid the staff valets. There was a private beach and food stand for the residents and their guests to enjoy.</p><br>
<p>The Villa Riviera was originally built as a luxury residential cooperative. The 1928 promotional brochure for the building noted :</p><br>
<p>When the Villa Riviera was completed, the 277-foot high structure was the second tallest in the region—surpassed only by Los Angeles City Hall.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Shortly after the Villa Riviera opened, the Great Depression hit, and the demand for luxury cooperative apartments declined. While some original owners gave up their apartments, others stayed. The buildings control and management was ceded to the mortgage company renting many of the apartments.</p><br>
<p>In 1933, the high-rise Villa Riviera was shaken in the Long Beach earthquake but did not sustain structural damage due to its construction. The most prominent construction engineering firm in the country, McClintic-Marshall, structurally designed and built its heavy duty Bethlehem steel skeleton. One thousand tons of steel, heavier that required at that time, was used. They used foundation a revolutionary new method designed to be more stable, faster, and safer, Rather than simply digging a foundation hole, they dug a large central trench down to stable soil with radiating perpendicular side trenches radiating out which were all filled with concrete. On top of that base, they poured forty-five wide stepped concrete bases to support the vertical heavy duty steel beams. All structural steel was then encased in concrete. "After tests made in the California Institute of Technology., McClintic-Marshall engineers stated in substance that the earthquake resisting steel work specified for use in (the) Villa Riviera, and subsequently installed, was the equivalent, if not, the superior in strength of any ever put into a steel frame structure in the West." The Villa Riviera is considered among the earliest examples of skyscrapers designed for seismic safety. After completing the Villa in 1928, McClintic-Marshall structurally designed many significant buildings and bridges including, the Empire State Building (1930) and the Golden Gate Bridge (1933).</p><br>
<p>The 1933 Long Beach earthquake, which occurred on March 10, caused significant damage across Southern California. The earthquake, with a magnitude of 6.4, resulted in the destruction or severe damage of about 70 schools and over 120 buildings, including homes and businesses in the area. Thousands of other buildings were also damaged to varying degrees. Most of the destruction was concentrated in Long Beach, but other parts of Los Angeles and Orange Counties were also affected.</p><br>
<p>The Villa Riviera suffered no structural or significant damage, even though it was the 2nd tallest building in the area affected by the quake. A newspaper account described the reaction of the Villa Riviera occupants to the earthquake as follows:</p><br>
<p>"The Villa Riviera, a 16-story apartment hotel, where most of the high-ranking officers of the Navy resided, swayed violently but suffered no more than a few cracks and fallen plaster. Admiral Richard H. Leigh, commander-in-chief of the United States fleet, after rushing down the stairway with most of the other 400 occupants and out into the street, returned to his suite around midnight in disdain of the succeeding shocks, which continued through the night. George Kingreet, assistant manager of the Villa Riviera, painted a picture of the hurried exit of the naval notables when the first shock came. The elevator stopped and everybody rushed down the stairs and out into the street. The bellboy stuck right on the job and went through the rooms, clearing them of people."</p><br>
<p>In 1934, just months after prohibition ended, the Villa Riviera added a new cocktail bar adjacent to the Villa Riviera Cafe, (a fine dining establishment serving breakfast, lunch, and dinner). The cocktail bar featured art deco styling with a beamed barrel roof and half moon shaped bar. Currently the space serves as a Barber Shop. Another post-prohibition addition was the "Oceanic Club" on the 15th floor where patrons drank and danced the night away. It is now a privately owned space.</p><br>
<p>In 1937, silent film star Norma Talmadge and her ex-husband Joseph M. Schenck, president of 20th Century Fox, bought the building for $1.5 million. The Los Angeles Times reported that "the deal was one of the largest realty transactions in Southern California in several years." Talmadge lived in the penthouse for a time.</p><br>
<p>Since 1932, when the US Navy brought the Pacific Fleet to Long Beach, the Villa Riviera was known as the "Home of Admirals" as it served as the home of many of the senior officers of the United States Pacific Fleet. Within months, the new owner converted the building to its original use as a residential "own-your-own" cooperative building. Despite the conversion, the owners kept the hotel&#39;s cocktail lounge, beauty salon, coffee shop, dining room and valet service for the convenience of the cooperative residents.</p><br>
<p>The first Miss Universe Pageant was held in Long Beach in 1952 and the Villa Riviera provided the backdrop to many of the photos and the parade on Ocean Boulevard. Marine Corps and Navy officers acted as escorts, one for each contestant. In 1952, George Allen announced the Villa Riviera would seek tourist business and add hotel operations to Villa&#39;s many long term apartment residents and owners. This was a short lived experiment as the Villa was converted back to a co-op building in January 1955. All apartments were sold to private owners.</p><br>
<p>A newspaper feature in 1965 reported that apartments at the Villa Riviera sold "for anywhere from $10,000 to $40,000 according to size." In 1969, Long Beach residents were surprised to learn that the city had condemned the Villa Riviera as a fire hazard. After the violations were corrected, the building emerged from the condemnation in 1971.</p><br>
<p>In 1991, the building was converted to condominiums.</p><br>
<p>In 2007 and 2008, the Homeowners Association conducted a $4 million facelift that included restoration of certain historical elements, including replacement of six of the original grotesques that had been removed.</p><br>
<p>In 2022, the Villa Riviera&#39;s North Penthouse was restored to its 1928 glory by the current owners.</p><br>
<p>Camp Verde was a United States Army facility established on July 8, 1856 in Kerr County, Texas. It was along the road from San Antonio to El Paso.</p><br>
<p>The camp was the headquarters for USA Camel Corps, which experimented with using dromedaries as pack animals in the southwestern United States. The Army imported camels in 1856 and 1857, using them with some success in extended surveys in the Southwest. The camels did not get along with the Army&#39;s horses and mules, which would bolt out of fear when they smelled a camel. The soldiers found the camels difficult to handle and they detested the smell of the animals.</p><br>
<p>During the Civil War, on 28 February 1861 Confederate troops captured more than 80 camels and two foreign drivers at Camp Verde. A Texas Ranger company was assigned the camp in 1862 and J.W. Walker was in care of the camels, some of which were used to transport salt from San Antonio and Brownsville and San Elizario, while some transported cotton to Mexico. Three were let loose and found their way to Arkansas, where Federal troops sent them to Iowa to be sold.</p><br>
<p>Some camels were kept in San Antonio, where Rip Ford considered using them in his recapture of Fort Brown due to the drought conditions between the Nueces and Rio Grande. They were sent to Guadalupe, where two died, before being sent back to Camp Verde.</p><br>
<p>When Union troops reoccupied Camp Verde in 1865, they found about 66 camels remaining, which they auctioned off to Bethel Coopwood. Bethel sold five to Ringling Brothers Circus and other circus owners in Mexico, but when he brought the remaining camels back into the US, the government took back their brand. They reconsidered and soon released them. The camels were sent to Arizona, where they "gradually perished".</p><br>
<p>Camp Verde was abandoned on April 1, 1869. Ruins of the officers&#39; quarters are located on what is now private land. A Texas state historic marker and the entrance gate stand by the road. The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 25, 1973.</p><br>
<h2>Camel Military Corps</h2><br>
<p>Secretary of War Jefferson Davis chose Henry C. Wayne to direct the US Camel Military Corps and, upon advice from Edward Fitzgerald Beale, placed David Dixon Porter in command of the ship, Supply, tasked on 10 May 1855 "to proceed without delay to the Levant" for the "purchase and importation of camels and dromedaries to be employed for military purposes". Wayne and Porter made stops in Tunis, Malta, Smyrna, Salonika, Constantinople, Balaklava and Alexandria, Wayne noting "the one-humped camel had carried army burdens of 600 pounds apiece for an average of twenty-five miles a day. Those simply ridden by soldiers were capable of journeying seventy miles daily."</p><br>
<p>The camels arrived in the US at Indianola, Texas on 29 April 1856 with an "American officer" and his staff, "two Turks" and "three Arabs". The 34 drove of camels included a "Tunis Camel", "Bactrian Camels", a "Booghdee Camel" (or Tuilu, a cross of a Bactrian and dromedary), "Arabian" male and female camels, a "Sennar Dromedary", a "Muscat dromedary", "Siout" male and female dromedaries, and a "Mt. Sinai dromedary". They completed the move to Camp Verde by 27 August. The camp khan or camel corral had 150 feet-long walls ten feet high, with huts along the rear wall for the native camel drivers.</p><br>
<p>Porter made a second journey to the Levant under Davis&#39;s orders, returning to Texas with forty-one camels on 10 February 1857, plus nine additional men and one boy, including Hadji Ali and George Caralambo. This completed the mission of Wayne and Porter. Responsibilities for the camels resided with the commander of Camp Verde, Captain Innis N. Palmer.</p><br>
<p>Davis&#39;s replacement as Secretary of War, John B. Floyd, chose Edward F. Beale to command the Camel Corps. He was ordered to survey a wagon road from Fort Defiance, New Mexico, to the Colorado River. Faulk departed Camp Verde on 19 June 1857 with twenty-five camels, leaving behind forty-six, taking the Lower road from San Antonio to El Paso; he reached the Fort Defiance area by 24 August and the Colorado river on 17 October. Beale noted the camels had gone for up to thirty-six hours without water, subsisted on bitter greasewood shrubs, and were impossible to stampede. The camels continued to Fort Tejon.</p><br>
<p>By 1858 Camp Verde had about fifty camels and Fort Tejon twenty-five. Yet, the new commander of the Department of Texas, Brevet Major General David E. Twiggs stated, "I do not want the camels in my command." He did, however, in 1859, order Edwart L. Hartz to make a topographical survey of the Big Bend region with twenty-four camels. Afterward, Hartz reported, "Not only the capability, but the superiority of the camel for military purposes in the badly-watered sections of country, seems to be established...the patience, endurance, and steadiness which characterize the performance of the camels during this march is beyond praise..."</p><br>
<p>LaRoe Family Homestead Historic District is a historic district in Eustis, Florida, near the corner of West County Road 44 and East Orange Avenue. It consists of a complex of buildings, nine of which  are contributing properties to the district. They include the primary residence and various farm buildings. The architecture in the district is a combination of Late 19th and 20th Century Revival and Colonial Revival. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 29, 2009.</p><br>
<p>The property was added to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) on June 29, 2009, and the listing was announced as the featured listing in the National Park Service&#39;s weekly list of July 19, 2009.</p><br>
<p>Aigburth Vale house at 212 Aigburth Road in Towson was designed in 1868, by architects Niernsee & Neilson, as a country home for wealthy actor John E. Owens.</p><br>
<p>Most of the property of the estate was originally known as the Rock Spring Farm of Edward Taylor and the parcel was reported to have been over 197 acre when it was purchased by Owens in 1853. The mansion is a wood-framed, three-story structure is an example of Second Empire architecture and as such, is topped by mansard roofs on the tower and wings. For a period after 1886, the mansion functioned as an inn and as a summer home for Owens&#39;s widow, Mary. In 1889 the majority of the land associated with the estate was sold at auction by the mortgage holder: the Sheppard Pratt Hospital to John Hubner, a Catonsville developer. Thereafter the mansion house and surrounding 4.9 acre was sold to Dr. George F. Sargent, as a private mental hospital from 1919 to 1950. Hubner sold the agricultural land to the Towson Nurseries who subdivided portions of it for sale to the Baltimore County Board of Education in 1943 and 1946 for use as the site for Towson High School and its surrounding campus. The mansion building was leased to Baltimore County Board of Education in 1950 for use as administrative offices and thereafter became the current owners of the building. The Owens estate was once surrounded by over 200 acre but today it stands within a suburban neighborhood. As designed, entry to the estate was gained from York Road along what is now Cedar Avenue. The gatehouse building of the estate, built in 1860 by Jacob Reese, still stands though the intersection of Cedar and York has been closed.</p><br>
<p>The building has been identified as an outstanding example of Second Empire architecture. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 27, 1999.</p><br>
<p>Longwood  is a plantation located at 15417 River Road in East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana, which was listed on National Register of Historic Places in 1983. Directly across the street is a levee holding back the Mississippi River.</p><br>
<h2>Style</h2><br>
<p>The house is two storied and built in the Greek Revival Style with four Doric columns supporting the two front porches. It was built in a non-traditional "T" floor pattern. A rear addition was added in the late 19th century, and the kitchen brought up after that. The indoor corridors, however, are a cruciform pattern. Except for the kitchen, the house was built all together in its entirety.</p><br>
<p>There are four chimneys that feed into 7 rooms They are on two floors at either end of the house and two in the middle.</p><br>
<h2>Historic significance</h2><br>
<p>Longwood is one of four remaining plantation homes in the Baton Rouge area still in good condition. Many of Baton Rouge&#39;s antebellum homes have been lost due to urbanization and to decay but Longwood remains one of four still left in its style. However, it is unique in that it is one of the few plantation homes in the region that did not add an additional "L" wing when modernizing. The result is the cruciform style mentioned previously.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Longwood, a former sugar cane plantation, used to occupy all the land from the Mississippi River to Highland Road. The original tract was a land grant from the King of Spain.</p><br>
<h2>Changes</h2><br>
<p>Since construction of the house several changes have been made. An outbuilding was moved to the house and converted into a kitchen. Several wooden paneled doors were replaced with glass ones. Bathroom and closets were added to several rooms with windows for the bathrooms.</p><br>
<p>The changes can be considered minor since they did not affect the house&#39;s architecture.</p><br>
<p>A shed and barn are located on the property and are thought to have been built in 1928.</p><br>
<p>The 18 acre property, with three contributing buildings, was listed on National Register of Historic Places on July 7, 1983.</p><br>
<p>The David and Maggie Aegerter Barn is a gambrel-roofed barn in Linn County, in northwestern Oregon, that was built in 1915. It was listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places in 1999.</p><br>
<p>Linn County, at the center of the Willamette Valley, was a tremendously productive agricultural area. The area was settled by 1850, at which time there were already 160 farms. At one time the county produced and exported more wheat than any other area of its size. Barn designs evolved over the years.</p><br>
<p>The Aegerter Barn is unusual for having an overhang around all four sides of the structure, a feature perhaps relating to Aegerter&#39;s Swiss heritage. Aegerter or his forebears had emigrated from Bern Canton, in Switzerland, where overhangs in barns are common. Overhangs protect lower level doors from the elements. It is the only such barn in Linn County.</p><br>
<p>The barn was designed and/or built by Anton Schindler and Nick Lulay. It is privately owned.</p><br>
<p>A photo of the barn from the digital collection of the University of Oregon shows decorative medallions on the upper level of one side of the barn. It also shows shingle cladding, perhaps wood shingles, protecting the upper level on that side, while the protected lower level is not shingle-clad.</p><br>
<p>It is located not far from the Michael and Mary Ryan Barn, the only Pennsylvania Dutch barn in Linn County, which features overhangs on two sides. The Aegerter Barn, the Ryan Barn, and five others were nominated for NRHP listing as part of the MPS study.</p><br>
<p>It is located at 41915 Ridge Drive, approximately eight miles from the small city of Scio. An aerial photo shows the barn is located behind other buildings in the farm property.</p><br>
<p>It is a 38x48 ft structure. Its NRHP nomination describes:The first level has three aisles, arranged longitudinally, and was originally used for livestock stabling and grain storage. The second level functioned as mow space. The most distinctive feature of the barn is its multiple (four-sided) overhang of the upper level mow over the lower level walls. The only barn in Linn County with a four-sided overhang, the design choice may relate to the Swiss heritage of the related Aegerter and Flick families associated with this property.</p><br>
<p>The farmstead also includes a wood-frame, one-and-a-half-story Craftsman style farmhouse (1924), a pump house, a windmill, a metal barn, and a garage.</p><br>
<p>Edgerley is a historic home and residential complex located at Oakland in Livingston County, New York. The -story original house was built in 1828 and is a rare example of Tidewater architecture in upstate New York with Roman Classic massing and Greek Revival detailing. Attached to it are a stucco addition from the 1870s and a stucco addition with garage from the 1930s. Also on the property is a guest cottage known as "Box Hill", a barn constructed about 1830, and several smaller outbuildings.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>North Bloomfield School is a historic school located at North Bloomfield in Livingston County, New York. It is a two-story, painted common brick structure set on a coursed-rubble foundation and stone watertable. It was originally planned and constructed by the First Universalist Society of Lima between 1827 and 1829. The building was to be a "meeting house" for services held by the newly formed church. From 1842 the building was rented for elementary-grade classes while continuing to be used for services at other times. In the mid-19th century, the second-floor stage and Italianate cupola were added. Joint use of the building continued until 1872, when the church built a separate building. The school closed in 1951, and the building has since been remodeled into two apartments.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981.</p><br>
<p>Old Main, is a former educational building located on Quincy Street on the former Finlandia University campus in Hancock, Michigan. It was also known as the Suomi College Building. It was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1959 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In the late 1800s, large numbers of Finns settled in Hancock, drawn by the jobs in mining and lumber. One of those immigrants was J. K. Nikander, a pastor of the Finnish Evangelical Lutheran Church of America (commonly known as the Suomi Synod). Nikander wanted to ensure that Finnish Lutheran ministers would be available in America, staving off the loss of Finnish identity in the population. In 1896, Nikander founded a new institution, Suomi College. Suomi&#39;s mission was to train Lutheran ministers and to teach English.</p><br>
<p>The first building of Suomi College was Old Main; it was constructed using plans drawn by architect Charles Archibald Pearce. The total cost of the building was $40,000. The cornerstone of the building was laid on May 30, 1898, and the building was dedicated on January 21, 1900.</p><br>
<p>Suomi quickly outgrew Old Main, and an additional frame building housing a gym, meeting hall and music center was constructed in 1901. In the 1920s, Suomi&#39;s mission shifted and it became primarily a liberal arts college. In 1958, the seminary separated from the rest of the college. In 2000, Suomi changed its name to Finlandia University.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Old Main is a four-story Richardsonian Romanesque building constructed from rough Jacobsville sandstone, which was quarried at the Portage Entry of the Keweenaw waterway. It has a gabled roof with wall dormers. Finlandia University closed in 2023 and Old Main was sold at auction to a private party in January 2024.</p><br>
<p>The William C. Mooney House, also known as the Mooney Mansion, is located at 122 North Paul Street in Woodsfield, Ohio. The house was placed on the National Register on 1982/03/15.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The original house located on the property was a Queen Anne style residence, built with elements such as a corner tower. Such was the house when it became the home of William C. Mooney, a scion of Woodsfields most prominent commercial family and vice-president of the Monroe Bank downtown. Beginning in 1912, Mooney arranged for a comprehensive remodelling project: gone were the ornaments, the tower, and the other Queen Anne components. In their place were built the current houses prominent facade with an Ionic-style portico, symmetrical five-bay front, and two-story-tall veranda. Mooney had a ballroom built on the third floor; here he threw Christmas parties and other events for many of the village&#39;s residents.</p><br>
<h2>Appearance</h2><br>
<p>The -story wooden-frame house rises from its lot with the main entrance facing north. The entrance is reached by a small flight of stairs and is flanked by four colossal Ionic columns and a 2-story veranda. The front door is surrounded by transom windows on either side and a large fan light with wooden spokes. The door sits in between two windows on either side; each window is a 12/1 sash with dark black shutters.</p><br>
<p>Above the main door is a double French door with transom windows which opens onto the second floor of the veranda. The door is flanked by two windows that match the lower windows. A hipped roof tops the main block of the house and is pierced by three dormer windows. Two large brick chimneys sit to either side of the main part of the house.</p><br>
<p>A wraparound porch stretches off to either side of the house. A porte-cochere sits to the east of the house. Simple Doric columns line the porch and porte-cochere and add a classic touch to the home. A gabled projection juts from the center of the house on the east and west exposures.</p><br>
<p>The Andrew Berg Cabin near Soldotna, Alaska was built by fisherman and trapper Andrew Berg in 1902. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.</p><br>
<p>It is located within what is now the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge about 30 mi southeast of Sodotna on the north shore of Tustumena Lake. It is a one-room, one-and-a-half-story single pen log cabin built of spruce logs, with sill logs laid on the ground. It is 17x17 ft in plan.</p><br>
<p>Andrew Berg built a total of 11 log cabins on the Kenai Peninsula. He built his first, which served as his home, in 1902 on Tustumena Lake. Berg used spruce logs to construct the home cabin, which measures 17 feet wide by 17 feet long. Also in the Refuge is Bergs last cabin, built in 1935, also on Tustumena Lake. In 2000 the cabin was disassembled and moved next to the Refuges visitor center. The 1935 cabin is open to the public.</p><br>
<p>Cooper Arms Apartments is a registered historic building located on Ocean Boulevard in downtown Long Beach, California. The twelve-story Renaissance Revival apartment tower was built in 1923. It was one of the first structures to be designated a Long Beach Historical Landmark when the city launched its historic preservation program in 1980, and it was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2000. It is currently operated as condominiums.</p><br>
<h2>Description and architecture</h2><br>
<p>Cooper Arms is a twelve-story steel-reinforced concrete building</p><br>
<p>Cooper Arms was originally developed as a housing cooperative with 159 apartments (and 406 rooms) which were offered for sale on "the own-your-own apartment plan," an idea that was promoted by Canadian born real estate developer Lionel Vincent Mayell (who also served as secretary of the Cooper Arms Building Company).</p><br>
<p>With a construction budget of $1,350,000, the Cooper Arms was the most expensive development in Long Beach history to that time. The construction was handled by Scofield Engineering and Construction Company, the same company that built the Los Angeles Biltmore. Demand for the new apartments was brisk, and in the six months before construction began, more than $1,250,000 in apartments had already been sold.</p><br>
<p>The building&#39;s 12th floor solarium and ballroom, occupying a major portion of the top floor, were among its most notable features. The ballroom included a domed ceiling and ornate moldings and lanterns. Another popular feature was the ground-level garden along Ocean Boulevard which opened onto a Spanish loggia extending through the structure to Linden Avenue.</p><br>
<p>A promotional brochure published in 1922 noted that the Cooper Arms would have the latest amenities, including steam heating, high-speed elevators, "instantaneous hot water at all times," "Iceless Frigidors," "Disappearing beds," and "Dustless roller screens."</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Cooper Arms property was developed by Larkin Cooper. It was built on a portion of Ocean Boulevard that had previously been "given over to fine homes." There were originally eight houses on the site, all owned by Cooper. Cooper came to Long Beach from Emporia, Kansas, where he had been in the feed and grain business.</p><br>
<p>In April 1922, the Long Beach Daily Telegram announced the plan to build a luxury apartment building on the site. The planned development was billed as follows: "Long Beach to Have Finest Apartments in Whole Southland."</p><br>
<p>The building was constructed from 1923-1924 when Long Beach was undergoing a building and population boom. When construction started in March 1923, the Los Angeles Times published a drawing of the Cooper Arms and described it as "an apartment-house which when completed, will be one of the most imposing structures of its kind west of Chicago." At the time, Long Beach&#39;s skyline lacked other skyscrapers, and the Times predicted that "this magnificent building will become a landmark that may be seen from ocean vessels miles away."</p><br>
<p>In 1933, the Cooper Arms survived the Long Beach earthquake without major damage. One long-time resident recalled standing on the roof of the building when the earthquake struck:</p><br>
<p>I was tinkering with an old radio when the earthquake hit. It knocked me flat on my face. I watched the old Edgewater Building topple down. This building is built out of steel and concrete. It just swayed from east to west — but it held together. We heard there was going to be a tidal wave after the earthquake, so I gathered my camping gear and fishing pole, got into my Franklin automobile and drove to Lake Henshaw to do a little fishing until the excitement died down.</p><br>
<p>In 1974, the building celebrated its 50th anniversary with three of the original occupants still in residence. At the time, the Long Beach Independent Press-Telegram wrote that some of the excitement and luster had faded: "Party days at the Cooper Arms, along with the festive zest which once was the order of the day, have waned with the passage of years. The downtown lounge, with its plush oriental carpeting and ornate baroque ceilings, is now quiet and empty."</p><br>
<p>The building is currently operated as condominiums by the Cooper Arms Homeowners Association.</p><br>
<h2>Historic designation</h2><br>
<p>In 1980, the Long Beach Cultural Heritage Committee designated Cooper Arms a Long Beach Historic Landmark. It was among the first group of seven structures to receive the designation. The other structures included in the first group were Villa Riviera, First Congregational Church, Rancho Los Cerritos, Rancho Los Alamitos, Jergins Trust Building and the Pacific Coast Club.</p><br>
<p>Cooper Arms was also listed on the National Register of Historic Places in October 2000.</p><br>
<p>The First United Methodist Church is located at 136 Main Street in Woodsfield, Ohio. The property was placed on the National Register on 2006-08-09.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first Methodists recorded in Monroe County were reported in the early 19th century. The congregation met in an upstairs courtroom in a log courthouse that stood where the present brick courthouse is today. Needing more room, the Methodist Episcopal Church purchased a lot on Sycamore Street and constructed a simple wooden structure in 1825. This church was the first built in Woodsfield. The wooden structure was an 18 foot high, one story building with a central door framed by a window on either side, with three windows on the side facade. To the left of the church the congregation buried their dead in what is now called Pioneer Cemetery.</p><br>
<p>The congregation again grew to the point that the structure was no longer suitable. The church then purchased a lot on Main Street and constructed a red brick structure in 1834. The old church was sold to the Presbyterians in 1836 but did not survive to today. The church was again experiencing growing pains and built a second larger church on the same lot and was dedicated in 1860.</p><br>
<p>For a fourth time the church was again in need of a larger structure and the church contracted Hubbar, Helbling & Co. to build a new larger structure using the material from the old church. This church exceeded $8,000 to build and was completed in 1899.</p><br>
<p>Over time the church expanded and an addition was added in 1907, and included the church offices and school-rooms. The church changed names in 1968 from the Methodist Episcopal Church to the First United Methodist Church after joining with the United Brethren churches.</p><br>
<h2>Exterior</h2><br>
<p>The exterior features a mixture of the Richardsonian Romanesque style and the Late Gothic Revival architecture and consists of reddish brown brick on a sandstone foundation. The belltower features crenellated battlements and was added in 1907. The facade contains arched windows; the stained glass windows were purchased by the Busy Bee Sunday School class and were brought into town on the O.R.&W. Railroad. The windows contain the names of the girls of the Sunday school class. The pitched gable roof is lined with slate tiles.</p><br>
<p>The Lieblein House is a single-family house located at 601 Quincy Street in Hancock, Michigan. It is also known as the Hoover Center. The structure was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1979 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Lieblein House was built in 1895 by William Washburn, who owned a local Hancock clothing store. In about 1905, Washburn sold the house to Edward Lieblein, a wholesale grocer who owned stores in Hancock and Calumet. The house remained in the Lieblein family until 1979, when Edward Lieblein Jr. sold it to Suomi College (now Finlandia University). The college renamed it the "Vaino & Judith Hoover Center" after the patrons Vaino and Judith Hoover who funded the purchase. At the time of Finlandia&#39;s closing in 2023, the building housed the offices of the President, Institutional Advancement, Alumni Relations, and Communications. In October 2024, the house was sold to a private individual.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Lieblein House is a rectangular, two-and-a-half-story Queen Anne style house, sitting on a sandstone foundation and covered with rectangular and fishscale shingles. It has an enclosed wrap-around porch with Doric columns and narrow one-over-one windows. The narrow windows are also used in a three-story polygonal turret topped with a galvanized metal roof and spire. The porch and turret gives the facade both horizontal and vertical lines. A bay window and multiple multi-paned and double-hung windows light the interior. The roof is gabled on three sides, with leaded glass Palladian windows in the side gables.</p><br>
<p>Williamsburg Cemetery is a historic cemetery located at Hampton Corners in Livingston County, New York. It was established in 1792 and is one of the earliest European American settlement period cemeteries in Western New York and is the last surviving above ground remnant of the now vanished village of Williamsburg. Williamsburg was established by Captain Charles Williamson acting in his capacity as agent for British investors in The Pulteney Association in the late 18th century. Notable burials include USA Representative Charles H. Carroll  and William Fitzhugh, an early investor in what is now Livingston County, and business partner of Colonel Nathaniel Rochester, founder of that city. It is also the final resting place of Henry Fitzhugh  and James G. Birney , son in law of William Fitzhugh and candidate for President of the United States by the Liberty Party in the 1840 and 1844 presidential elections on an abolitionist platform. Stones bear dates that range from about 1814 to about 1910 and it is an important reminder of the early settlement of the Genesee Valley.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.</p><br>
<p>The Fairmount Boulevard District is a 130 acre historic district in Cleveland Heights, Ohio that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.</p><br>
<p>The district is a cohesive area of upper-income suburban development dating from the World War I era.</p><br>
<p>The boulevard has a majestic, manicured appearance, with traffic lanes separated by a 60 foot median strip once a roadbed for streetcar tracks.</p><br>
<p>It includes examples of Renaissance, Georgian, and Jacobean architecture.</p><br>
<p>There are 94 contributing buildings, including the St. Paul&#39;s Episcopal Church.</p><br>
<p>Major architects represented include Walker and Weeks, Small and Rowley, Meade and Hamilton, Frederick Striebinger and Charles Schneider.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The city&#39;s social, business and civic leaders were beginning to leave the inner city for the east side.</p><br>
<p>The eastern (upper) half of the boulevard between Coventry and Wellington Roads was owned by the North Union community of the Shaker religious sect from 1822 until 1889 when the colony disbanded.</p><br>
<p>The Van Sweringen brothers persuaded the Cleveland Railway Company to extend a branch line from the Cleveland terminus at University Circle up Cedar Glen and out along the boulevard. Once completed, land sales boomed along the eastern part of Fairmount Boulevard.</p><br>
<p>The Van Sweringens envisioned not country estates for the very wealthy, but a garden city with lots large enough for a substantial home and small enough for the average commuting businessman to maintain.</p><br>
<p>Bembridge House, also known as Green-Rankin-Bembridge House, is a registered historic building located across from Drake Park in the Willmore neighborhood of Long Beach, California. The ornate and well-preserved Queen Anne Victorian house was built in 1906. Musician and school teacher Dorothy Bembridge lived in the house from 1918 until she was murdered there in 1999. The house was acquired by in 2000.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Bembridge House, located at 953 Park Circle Drive, Long Beach, California, is a Queen Anne Victorian house that was built in 1906. It has 18 rooms, and has been preserved with its original high ceilings, woodwork, and many of the original furnishings. In 1981, the Los Angeles Times described the house as follows: "It is the city&#39;s only perfectly preserved Queen Anne mansion, an intricate arrangement of turrets, pillars, angles, beveled Tiffany glass windows, and white-on-blue scrollwork reminiscent of Wedgwood." Long Beach Heritage calls Bembridge House "the single most important example of this style of architecture remaining in Long Beach today", and notes that it is considered by many to be "the most significant residential historic landmark structure" in Long Beach.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The house was built in 1906 by Stephen and Josephine Green. He was one of the founders of City National Bank, a wealthy businessman who came to Long Beach from Seattle and Los Angeles. Green planted exotic shrubs and flowers around the house and also built an aviary for his collection of foreign birds and a barn where he kept Shetland ponies.</p><br>
<p>Green was reportedly an unpopular man who had legal disputes with his neighbors. He reportedly suffered "a stroke of apoplexy" and died at the house after an encounter with a neighbor. His funeral was held at the house.</p><br>
<p>Thomas Rankin purchased the house in 1918 following Green&#39;s death. The house remained in the Rankin family for more than 80 years. After the death of Thomas Rankin, the house was inherited by his children, Dorothy Bembridge and Neil Rankin.</p><br>
<p>Dorothy Bembridge was a musician and a Long Beach school teacher until her retirement in 1968. Bembridge lived in the house starting in 1918 and noted that the interior was never renovated. She believed the curtains and soft floors created "a perfect acoustical environment" for frequent piano concerts held at the home.</p><br>
<p>In 1969, the house was threatened with demolition when the City of Long Beach sought to expand the adjacent Drake Park. At the time, historical preservationists lobbied to save the structure. Bembridge sought to have it preserved as a music center. In comments to a local newspaper, she said:"I pray it can be saved. Its a wonderful old house — as solid as the Rock of Gibraltar. Theres not a break in the foundation; not a crack in the walls. It&#39;s absolutely the only one of its kind in town that has not been altered. It would have special charm as a music center. The tower serves as a natural megaphone, making the acoustics remarkable. Many say they have never heard anything like the sounds that ring out from the Steinway in this old house."</p><br>
<p>In 1981, the Long Beach Cultural Heritage Committee designated Bembridge House as a Long Beach Historic Landmark. It was among the second group of structures to receive the designation. At the time of the designation, Bembridge told the Los Angeles Times that she was "content at last that the home she&#39;s lived in since 1918 will be preserved in all its magnificence."</p><br>
<p>In 1999, Bembridge was strangled at the house at age 89. Her body was discovered in the backyard on November 4, 1999. Daniel William Borunda, a 51-year-old man who had done odd jobs for Bembridge and had been sent to prison for burglarizing her home in 1990, was eventually convicted of Bembridge&#39;s murder and sentenced to 60-years-to-life in prison. Borunda had been released from prison in October 1999, a few weeks before the murder. Police and prosecutors asserted that the motive was burglary and revenge.</p><br>
<p>After Bembridge&#39;s death, Long Beach Heritage purchased the house in 2000 for $325,000. The group has restored the house to its original state and it is open for tours.</p><br>
<p>In 2002, Long Beach Heritage received a $72,000 grant from the J. Paul Getty Trust to develop a master plan to preserve the main house, carriage house and aviary, and to restore landscaping and for seismic strengthening and improved access for the disabled.</p><br>
<p>Bembridge House, located at 953 Park Circle Drive, Long Beach, California, was also listed on the National Register of Historic Places in February 2005.</p><br>
<p>The Crown Point Road, or the Crown Point Military Road, is a historic road built in 1759-60, mostly in what is now the United States state of Vermont. It was built by British Army and colonial militia forces to connect Fort Crown Point near the southern end of Lake Champlain to the Fort at Number 4 in what is now Charlestown, New Hampshire. It was the first major road in Vermont, spurring development along its route after the French and Indian War. Fragments of the road are still visible in largely period condition, or have been paved over, while others have disappeared into the forest. Sections of the road located in Weathersfield have been listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Route</h2><br>
<p>The Crown Point Road began at the Fort at Number 4, roughly where the center of Charlestown, New Hampshire is located, on the east side of the Connecticut River. It followed a generally northward route, reaching its river crossing point near the mouth of Beaver Brook. On the Vermont side of the river, it proceeded north-northwest through what are now Springfield and Weathersfield before bearing west across Cavendish. Roughly at the center of Cavendish, it again turned more north, turning west again between Plymouth and Ludlow toward Shrewsbury. It reached Otter Creek in Clarendon, and then followed that valley northward, through Rutland, Proctor, and Pittsford, before bearing northwest across the hills south of Brandon.</p><br>
<p>Near the junction of Vermont Routes 30 and 73 in northern Sudbury, a spur of the road headed west toward Fort Ticonderoga (passing through present-day Orwell), while the main road continued northwest through Whiting, Shoreham, and Bridport before finally reaching Lake Champlain opposite Fort Crown Point in present-day Addison.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1759, British forces under the command of General Jeffery Amherst captured Fort Ticonderoga from the French in the later stages of the French and Indian War. Determined to maintain British control over the southern end of Lake Champlain, Amherst ordered the construction of Fort Crown Point, and the construction of the road joining it to the Fort at Number 4, then the northernmost British colonial outpost on the Connecticut River. The route roughly followed an old Native American trail, parallelling the Black River in its southern extent and Otter Creek in its northern. Early work on the road was performed by colonial militia forces commanded by Colonel John Stark. Work included the clearing of trees and stumps, construction of bridges across small streams, and the construction of corduroy sections across swampy terrain.</p><br>
<p>After the war, the road became a major route by which central southern Vermont was settled. As more and better roads were built through the region, portions fell into disuse and were abandoned, while others continued to be used and were improved. In the late 19th century, efforts were made to mark and commemorate the route, resulting in the placement of markers, some of which are still present along or near its route. In some communities, portions of the original route are named "Crown Point Road" or "Old Crown Point Road". A portion of the route, some of it still in little-altered condition, is found in the area of Stoughton Pond in northern Springfield. This and other nearby portions in Springfield and Weathersfield were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.</p><br>
